Industrial Revolution flashcards

Industrial Revolution

The Increase in output of machine-made goods that began in the middle 1700's.

Life before the revolution

Goods were made by hand, Many people lived on farms rather than cities.

Why the Revolution started

wealthy owners started to buy farms, and people were making machines to start taking life and jobs easier. Forced many smaller farmers to leave and find new jobs.

England

The country where the revolution started, due to being able to trade (Irregular coastline), and having many good natural resources.

Impact of Colonialism

More resources available that are needed to “produce” goods.

The Steam Engine

One of the more powerful inventions as it could provide power to vehicles.

Growth in the middle class

More people are in the gap between rich and poor.

Positive changes

- Increased production
- Created jobs
- fostered technology
- Provided Hope
- raised standards of living
- Cheaper goods → more can afford.

The spreading of the revolution.

It moved through Europe, the Americas, and Japan.

Living conditions

Cities were overwhelmed, and couldn’t properly plan. Many things like building codes, sanitation, and education were not great during this time.

Working conditions

- 14 hour work days
- work 6 days a week
- Lots of dangers
- Children and women workers
- Little Pay

Dangers for working

- Poor conditions
- Poorly lit, bad ventilations
- Dangerous machines
- No Insurance

capitalism

The Government has no control over business. Competition drives everything

Adam Smith

wrote "Wealth of Nation", started the idea of capitalism.

Invisible hand

competition will naturally push people in the right direction.

Communism

The government should interfere with business. Essentially controlling most if not all aspects.

Karl Marx

Came up with the first form of communism. wrote the "Communist Manifesto" with Fredrick Engels.

Utopia

a book describing a perfect world where everybody helps out, and carries their weight. The idea of a perfect world.

Examples of communism

-Former Russia (U.S.S.R)
-Cuba
-China

Labor Unions

Groups made within companies to have some sort of power over the company.

Child Labor Laws

made work more fair for children.

Workers Rights

made the working environment as a whole better for employees.

Socialism

A community dicatets business.

Urbanization

The moving of people from the country to cities.