Glycogen sparing, LIP, etc.

What is Glycogen Sparing?

where glycogen stores are not used as early in an exercise bout due to the use of triglycerides to produce energy. This delays depletion of glycogen stores, and thereby delays the onset of fatigue

What athletes benefit from Glycogen sparing and how?

endurance athletes in events, 60-90 minutes, benefit from glycogen sparing because it delays fuel depletion by preserving muscle glycogen stores since the body can use fat for energy during the submaximal intensity

What is LIP?

the highest intensity point at which there is a balance between lactate production and removal from the blood

What happens when an athlete trains to improve LIP?

respiratory system increases oxygen uptake, cardiovascular system improves transportation of oxygen and muscular system enhances utilisation of oxygen

What is stroke volume? (SV)

the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each contraction of the heart

How does increased SV improve performance?

greater oxygen delivery to working muscles with each heartbeat allows maintenance of a higher-intensity

What is cardiac output? (Q) (+ formula)

the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle of the heart per minute Q= HR x SV

What is the formula for ventilation? (V)

V= RRxTV

How can a trained athlete have a lower ventilation than an untrained athlete at submaximal levels?

a trained athlete has lower ventilation than an untrained one at submaximal levels because their body is more efficient at using oxygen and clearing carbon dioxide, therefore requiring less air movement to meet oxygen demands