2019 A&P Boot Camp – Organs, Connective Tissue & Integument

55 fill-in-the-blank flashcards summarizing key facts on human organ systems, connective tissue types and functions, and the integumentary system (epidermis, dermis, accessories, and burns).

The is the basic unit/building block of all living things.

cell

A is a group of similar cells that perform a common function.

tissue

An is composed of two or more tissue types performing a specific function.

organ

An is a group of organs working together (e.g., digestive system).

organ system

The lymphatic/immune system includes the and lymphatic vessels.

spleen

The primary organs of the respiratory system are the , trachea, and bronchi.

lungs

The digestive system begins with the and continues through intestines and liver.

stomach

The urinary system’s filtering organs are the .

kidneys

Male reproductive organs include the , which produce sperm.

testes

The integumentary system chiefly consists of and dermal layers.

epidermal

The muscular system is composed of muscles.

skeletal

Bones, tendons, and make up the skeletal system.

ligaments

Brain, spinal cord, and comprise the nervous system.

nerves

The endocrine system includes the pituitary, thymus, and .

pancreas

Heart and form the cardiovascular system.

blood vessels

All connective tissues are highly vascularized except cartilage, ligaments, and .

tendons

The non-living material surrounding connective-tissue cells is the extracellular .

matrix

Tiny cavities in connective-tissue matrix that house cells are called .

lacunae

Osteocytes occupy lacunae within tissue.

bone

Transporting fluids and dissolved materials is chiefly the role of tissue.

blood

Adipose tissue stores energy in the form of .

fat

Mast cells release as part of the immune response.

histamine

Cartilage primarily joints.

cushions

Areolar connective tissue body organs.

cushions (wraps)

Embryonic mesenchyme gives rise to other connective tissue types.

all

Areolar connective tissue is found under the throughout the body.

epithelia

Adipose tissue insulates against loss.

heat

Reticular connective tissue is abundant in the lymph nodes, bone marrow, and .

spleen

Dense regular connective tissue forms that attach muscle to bone.

tendons

Elastic dense connective tissue allows recoil of tissue after .

stretching

Dense irregular connective tissue withstands tension exerted in many .

directions

Hyaline cartilage covers the ends of long bones in .

joint cavities

Elastic cartilage supports the external .

ear

Fibrocartilage forms intervertebral .

discs

Bone stores calcium and houses blood-forming .

marrow

Blood also functions in the body’s response.

immune

The superficial protective layer of skin is the .

epidermis

The deeper vascular layer of skin is the .

dermis

The hypodermis is mainly composed of tissue.

adipose

The deepest epidermal layer is the stratum .

basale (germinativum)

Immune Langerhans cells are chiefly found in the stratum .

spinosum

The granular epidermal layer is the stratum .

granulosum

The clear layer present only in thick skin is the stratum .

lucidum

The outermost dead layer is the stratum .

corneum

Pigment-producing cells are called .

melanocytes

Merkel cells serve as sensory receptors.

tactile

Fingerprints arise from dermal projections known as dermal .

papillae

Deep pressure receptors in the dermis are corpuscles.

Pacinian

When body temperature rises, cutaneous blood vessels .

dilate

Bedsores result from restricted supply to skin.

blood

Yellowing of the skin due to liver issues is termed .

jaundice

The thick proximal nail fold is the (cuticle).

eponychium

Hair is erected by the muscle.

arrector pili

The fingerprint patterns used for identification are loops and .

whorls

A -degree burn destroys both epidermis and dermis.

third (3rd)