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product design a level
electrical conductivity
a measure of how well electric currents move through a substance
thermal conductivity
the rate at which a substance transfers heat
strength
the ability to stand up to forces being applied without it bending, breaking, shattering or deforming in any way
tensile strength
the ability to stretch (placed under tension) without breaking or snapping
torsional strength
a load usually expressed in terms of torque, at which the fastener fails by being twisted off about it axis
elasticity
the amount of stretch in a material
hooke’s law
the extension of an elastic object is directly proportional to the force applied to it
plasticity
the ability to be permanently shaped or moulded e.g. thermoforming plastics
malleability
the ability to be permanently deformed in all directions without fracture
ductility
ability to be drawn out without breaking
hardness
the ability to resist deformation, indentation or penetration. can resist abrasion, drilling, impact, scratching
toughness
can withstand impact or shock
durability
the ability to resist wear, weathering deterioration or corrosion
biodegradability
the capability to be degraded into more simple substances through the enzymatic activity of microorganisms
