CHEM10050 : Guiry Lecture 18 - Amides

What type of bond is formed when amides are made and what is the bond called?

a) Carbon to carbon double bond

b) Carbon to nitrogen single bond

c) Nitrogen to nitrogen single bond

b) Carbon to nitrogen single bond

What are amides?

a) Organic molecules that contain a carbonyl carbon to nitrogen double bond.

b) Organic molecules that contain a carbonyl carbon to nitrogen single bond.

c) Organic molecules that contain a nitrogen to nitrogen single bond.

b) Organic molecules that contain a carbonyl carbon to nitrogen single bond.

Why are amides important?

a) They are important carboxylic acid derivatives.

b) They are important alcohols derivatives.

c) They are important hydrocarbon derivatives.

a) They are important carboxylic acid derivatives.

What is another name for an amide bond?

a) Carbonyl bond

b) Peptide bond

c) Ester bond

b) Peptide bond.

What type of intermolecular forces lead to high boiling points in amides?

a) London dispersion forces

b) Dipole-dipole forces

c) Hydrogen bonding forces

c) Hydrogen bonding forces.

Are amides quite polar?

a) Yes

b) No

a) Yes.

Can low molecular weight amides be soluble in water?

a) Yes

b) No

a) Yes.

What type of bond do amides have?

a) Carbon to carbon single bond

b) Carbon to nitrogen single bond

c) Carbon to oxygen single bond

b) Carbon to nitrogen single bond.

What can the O in amides do?

a) Donate H-bonds

b) Accept H-bonds

c) Neither donate nor accept H-bonds

b) Accept H-bonds.

What can the H in amides do?

a) Donate H-bonds

b) Accept H-bonds

c) Neither donate nor accept H-bonds

a) Donate H-bonds.

What prevents the lone pair on nitrogen from bonding to H+ in amides?

a) The polar carbonyl group

b) The amine group

c) The carboxylic acid group

d) The hydrogen bonding ability

a) The polar carbonyl group attracts the lone pair on nitrogen strongly enough to prevent it from bonding to H+.

Which of the following is NOT a method for preparing amides?

a) From amines and carboxylic acids

b) From amines and acid chlorides

c) From amines and alkyl halides

d) From ammonia and carboxylic acid derivatives

c) From amines and alkyl halides

What are amides?

a) Organic molecules containing a carbonyl carbon to nitrogen single bond

b) Inorganic molecules containing a carbon to nitrogen double bond

c) Organic molecules containing a carbon to nitrogen double bond

d) Inorganic molecules containing a carbonyl carbon to nitrogen single bond

a) Organic molecules containing a carbonyl carbon to nitrogen single bond

What effect do intermolecular forces have on boiling points of amides?

a) They decrease boiling points

b) They have no effect on boiling points

c) They increase boiling points

d) They make amides insoluble in water

c) They increase boiling points

Are amides proton acceptors (bases)?

a) Yes

b) No

c) It depends on the type of amide

d) Only in aqueous solutions

b) No, unlike amines, amides are not proton acceptors (bases).

Which functional group is responsible for the strong intermolecular forces in amides?

a) Amino group

b) Carboxylic acid group

c) Carbonyl group

d) Hydroxyl group

c) Carbonyl group

Which type of amine reacts rapidly with acid chlorides to form amides?

a) Primary amines

b) Secondary amines

c) Tertiary amines

d) All of the above

d) All of the above (primary amines, secondary amines, and ammonia)

Which of the following is NOT a carboxylic acid derivative?

a) Esters

b) Amides

c) Aldehydes

d) Acid chlorides

c) Aldehydes

What is the bond that forms when amides are made and breaks when amides are hydrolyzed?

a) Peptide bond

b) Glycosidic bond

c) Phosphodiester bond

d) Hydrogen bond

a) Peptide bond

Which of the following is true about low molecular weight amides?

a) They are insoluble in water

b) They have low boiling points

c) They are not polar

d) They are soluble in water

d) They are soluble in water.

What is the main product formed in the acidic hydrolysis of amides?

a) Carboxylic acid and ammonium

b) Amine and ammonium

c) Ester and ammonium

d) Amine and carboxylate salt

a) Carboxylic acid and ammonium

What is the main product formed in the basic hydrolysis of amides?

a) Carboxylic acid and ammonium

b) Amine and ammonium

c) Ester and ammonium

d) Amine and carboxylate salt

d) Amine and carboxylate salt

What is the enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of amide bonds in the stomach?

a) Pepsin

b) Amylase

c) Lipase

d) Trypsin

a) Pepsin

Which of the following statements is true about the hydrolysis of amides in biological systems?

a) It is catalysed by enzymes

b) It occurs at high pH

c) It forms esters as the main product

d) It does not occur in the stomach

a) It is catalysed by enzymes

What is the general formula for the reaction of amides with water in enzyme-catalysed hydrolysis?

a) Amine + H2O → Carboxylic acid + NH2R

b) Amide + H2O → Carboxylic acid + NH4+

c) Amide + NaOH → Ester-Na+ + NH3

d) Acid chloride + NH3 → Amide + NH4+ + Cl-

a) Amine + H2O → Carboxylic acid + NH2R

In acidic hydrolysis, what happens to the amine product?

a) It is converted into its ammonium salt

b) It is converted into its carboxylate salt

c) It is converted into its ester

d) It is not formed in this reaction

a) It is converted into its ammonium salt

Which of the following is a poor method for preparing amides?

a) From amines and carboxylic acids

b) From amines and acid chlorides

c) From carboxylic acids and ammonia

d) From acid chlorides and ammonia

a) From amines and carboxylic acids

What is the leaving group in the reaction of acid chlorides with amines to form amides?

a) NH3

b) NH4+

c) Cl-

d) Na+

c) Cl-

What is the main product formed in basic hydrolysis of amides?

a) Amine and carboxylic acid

b) Amine and ammonium

c) Ester and ammonium

d) Carboxylic acid and ammonium

a) Amine and carboxylic acid

Which of the following statements is true about the reaction of carboxylic acids with ammonia to form amides?

a) It is a poor method for preparing amides

b) It forms ammonium carboxylate as a by-product

c) It is a fast reaction

d) It requires the use of a catalyst

a) It is a poor method for preparing amides