EOC U4 (Expansionism)

Spanish-American War

A conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States that resulted in the U.S. gaining territories like Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, marking a significant expansion of American influence.

Yellow Journalisim

A sensationalist style of newspaper reporting that exaggerates or fabricates news events to attract readers, often influencing public opinion, particularly during the Spanish-American War.

USS Maine

A battleship whose explosion in Havana Harbor in 1898 contributed to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War, becoming a rallying cry for American intervention.

What Spanish colonies were taken over by the US

Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines were taken over or influenced by the US after the Spanish-American War.

Theodore Rosevelt

The 26th President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt was known for his role in negotiating the end of the Russo-Japanese War, his progressive reforms, and his advocacy for the aggressive foreign policy known as "Big Stick" diplomacy.

Alaska

A territory purchased from Russia in 1867, expanding U.S. land and resources.

Stanford Dole

An American businessman and politician who served as the president of the Republic of Hawaii and played a key role in the annexation of Hawaii by the U.S.

Panama Canal

A man-made waterway completed in 1914 that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, significantly improving maritime trade routes and American naval power.

Big Stick Diplomacy

A foreign policy approach associated with Theodore Roosevelt, emphasizing negotiation backed by the threat of military force to achieve U.S. goals.

Dollar Diplomacy

A foreign policy strategy used by President William Howard Taft that aimed to promote American financial interests abroad while using economic power to influence countries, particularly in Latin America and East Asia.

Moral Diplomacy

A foreign policy promoted by President Woodrow Wilson that sought to spread democracy and moral standards in foreign relations, opposing imperialistic practices.

Rough Riders

A volunteer cavalry regiment led by Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War, known for their charge up San Juan Hill.

Open Door Policy

A diplomatic approach established in 1899, suggesting that all countries should have equal trading rights in China, aiming to prevent any single nation from monopolizing trade in the region.

MAIN causes of WWI

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism; the main factors that contributed to the outbreak of World War I.

Militarism (WWI)

The policy of building up strong armed forces to prepare for war and protect national interests.

Alliance Systems (WWI)

The complex web of military agreements and alliances between countries that contributed to the tensions leading up to World War I, primarily involving the Allied and Central Powers.

Imperialism

The policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means. It often created tensions among nations competing for territories.

Nationalism

The belief in the superiority of one's nation, often leading to the pursuit of national interests aggressively and sometimes to the detriment of others, contributing to global tensions and conflicts.

Neutrality

The policy of not taking sides in conflicts or wars, promoting peaceful relations among nations and often preserving trade and diplomatic ties.

Zimmerman Telegram

A secret diplomatic communication sent by Germany to Mexico during World War I, proposing a military alliance against the United States, which ultimately contributed to the U.S. entering the war.

Sinking of RMS Lustania

The sinking of the British ocean liner Lusitania by a German U-boat in 1915, resulting in the deaths of 1,198 passengers, including 128 Americans, and fueling anti-German sentiment in the United States during World War I.

Selective Service Act

A law passed in 1917 that required men to register for military service in the United States, establishing a draft to meet the military's needs during World War I.

Espionage Act

A 1917 law that made it a crime to interfere with military operations or support U.S. enemies during wartime, allowing for heavy penalties for those who violated its provisions.

Sedition Act

A 1918 law that expanded the Espionage Act, making it a crime to speak out against the U.S. government or its war efforts, thereby limiting freedom of speech during World War I.

Schenck v US

A landmark Supreme Court case from 1919 that ruled that the government could restrict speech during wartime if it posed a "clear and present danger" to national security.

Trench Warfare

A method of warfare where opposing troops fight from long, fortified ditches, often leading to stalemates and harsh living conditions.

Treaty of Versailles

The peace treaty that ended World War I in 1919, imposing heavy reparations and territorial losses on Germany, and establishing the League of Nations.

League of Nations