Key Events and Figures in Post-War America

Who was the U.S. President associated with the Fair Deal?

Harry Truman

What legislation aimed to limit the power of labor unions in 1947?

Taft Hartley Act

What was the name of Truman's domestic policy initiative?

Fair Deal

Who was the leader of the Soviet Union during the early Cold War?

Joseph Stalin

What international organization was founded in 1945 to promote peace and cooperation?

United Nations

What term refers to countries aligned with the Soviet Union during the Cold War?

Satellite nations

What metaphorical term describes the division between Western Europe and the Soviet sphere?

Iron Curtain

What was the purpose of Kennan's Long Telegram?

To outline the strategy of containment against Soviet expansion.

What policy was established to provide military and economic assistance to countries resisting communism?

Truman Doctrine

What was the name of the American initiative to aid European recovery after WWII?

Marshall Plan

What event involved the airlift of supplies to West Berlin in 1948-1949?

Berlin Airlift

What military alliance was formed in 1949 among Western nations?

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

What was the name of the Eastern European military alliance formed in response to NATO?

Warsaw Pact

What government was established in China in 1949?

People's Republic of China

What conflict began in 1950 involving North and South Korea?

Korean War

What legislation provided benefits to returning World War II veterans?

GI Bill

What demographic trend occurred in the U.S. after WWII, characterized by a significant increase in birth rates?

Baby Boom

What term describes the rapid expansion of residential areas outside urban centers in the post-war era?

Growth of suburbs

What region of the U.S. saw significant economic growth and population increase in the latter half of the 20th century?

Sunbelt

What amendment limits U.S. Presidents to two terms?

22nd Amendment

Who succeeded Harry Truman as President of the United States?

Dwight Eisenhower

Who was the Vice President under Eisenhower who later became President?

Richard Nixon

What act, passed in 1956, authorized the construction of a nationwide network of highways?

Interstate Highway Act

What term describes the process of countries gaining independence from colonial powers?

Decolonization

Who was the leader of North Vietnam during the Vietnam War?

Ho Chi Minh

Who was the leader of South Vietnam supported by the U.S.?

Ngo Dinh Diem

What theory suggested that the fall of one country to communism would lead to the fall of others?

Domino theory

What ongoing conflict began in the mid-20th century between Israel and its Arab neighbors?

Arab-Israeli conflict

What organization was formed in 1960 to coordinate oil production among member countries?

OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries)

What phrase describes the spirit of cooperation and diplomacy during the 1955 Geneva Summit?

"Spirit of Geneva"

Who succeeded Stalin as the leader of the Soviet Union?

Nikita Khrushchev

What uprising occurred in Hungary in 1956 against Soviet control?

Hungary (Hungarian Revolution)

What was the first artificial satellite launched into space by the Soviet Union?

Sputnik

Who was the Cuban leader who came to power in 1959?

Fidel Castro

Who was the first African American to break the color barrier in Major League Baseball?

Jackie Robinson

Who was the first African American Supreme Court Justice?

Thurgood Marshall

Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court known for expanding civil rights?

Earl Warren

What Supreme Court case ruled that evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court?

Mapp v. Ohio

What Supreme Court case established the right to counsel for defendants?

Gideon v. Wainwright

What Supreme Court case established the right to remain silent?

Miranda v. Arizona

What Supreme Court case addressed legislative districting and representation?

Baker v. Carr

What Supreme Court case ruled that school-sponsored prayer is unconstitutional?

Engel v. Vitale

What Supreme Court case established the right to privacy in marital relations?

Griswold v. Connecticut

What group of African American students faced resistance when integrating Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas?

Little Rock 9

What event was sparked by Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her bus seat?

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Who is known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Rosa Parks

Who was a prominent leader in the American civil rights movement known for his nonviolent approach?

Martin Luther King, Jr.

What organizations were formed to promote civil rights during the 1960s?

SCLC (Southern Christian Leadership Conference), SNCC (Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee), CORE (Congress of Racial Equality)

What was the name of the U.S. operation aimed at deporting undocumented Mexican workers in the 1950s?

Operation Wetback

What medium became a dominant form of entertainment and information in the 1950s?

Television

What genre of music emerged in the 1950s characterized by its upbeat sound?

Rock and roll

What book by Michael Harrington highlighted poverty in America?

The Other America

What protests occurred at Woolworth's lunch counters in the 1960s?

Woolworth's sit-ins

Who was the U.S. President assassinated in 1963?

John F. Kennedy

Who was the Attorney General and brother of JFK who was involved in civil rights?

Robert Kennedy

What was the name of JFK's domestic policy agenda?

New Frontier

What volunteer program was established by JFK to promote peace and development?

Peace Corps

What event in 1962 brought the U.S. and Soviet Union close to nuclear conflict?

Cuban Missile Crisis

What failed invasion of Cuba occurred in 1961?

Bay of Pigs

Who became President after JFK's assassination?

Lyndon Johnson

What initiative aimed to eliminate poverty and racial injustice during LBJ's presidency?

War on Poverty

Who was the Republican candidate who ran against LBJ in the 1964 election?

Barry Goldwater

What programs were created to provide health insurance for the elderly and low-income individuals?

Medicare and Medicaid

What act aimed to provide federal funding for education?

Elementary and Secondary Education Act

What landmark legislation outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin?

Civil Rights Act of 1964

What amendment abolished poll taxes in federal elections?

24th Amendment

What legislation aimed to eliminate barriers to voting for African Americans?

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Who was the first African American student to enroll at the University of Mississippi?

James Meredith

Who was the Governor of Alabama known for his pro-segregation stance?

George Wallace

What event in 1963 was a significant demonstration for civil rights?

March on Washington

What protest march took place from Selma to Montgomery in 1965?

Selma March

What religious and political movement emerged among African Americans in the 1960s?

Nation of Islam

Who was a prominent civil rights activist known for his advocacy of black nationalism?

Malcolm X

Who was a leader in the SNCC known for his emphasis on black power?

Stokely Carmichael

What group emerged in the late 1960s advocating for black rights and self-defense?

Black Panthers

What riots in Los Angeles highlighted racial tensions in 1965?

Watts Riots and Kerner Commission

What term describes the series of high-profile assassinations in the 1960s?

Assassinations

What cultural movement in the 1960s challenged traditional norms regarding sexuality?

Sexual revolution

Who wrote 'The Feminine Mystique' and is considered a key figure in the feminist movement?

Betty Friedan

What organization was founded in 1966 to advocate for women's rights?

National Organization for Women

What legislation aimed to address wage disparities between men and women?

Equal Pay Act

What proposed amendment aimed to guarantee equal rights regardless of sex?

Equal Rights Amendment

Who was the U.S. commander during the Vietnam War?

General Westmoreland

Who was the anti-war candidate in the 1968 presidential election?

Eugene McCarthy

Who was the Democratic candidate for President in 1968 who supported the Vietnam War?

Hubert Humphrey

What event in 1968 was marked by protests and violence at the Democratic National Convention?

Chicago convention

Who was the U.S. Secretary of State known for his role in foreign policy during the Vietnam War?

Henry Kissinger

What incidents in 1970 involved the killing of students protesting the Vietnam War?

Kent State and Jackson State

What massacre occurred during the Vietnam War involving the killing of unarmed Vietnamese civilians?

My Lai Massacre

What secret government documents revealed the U.S. government's mismanagement of the Vietnam War?

Pentagon Papers

What term describes the easing of tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union during the 1970s?

Detente

What significant diplomatic visit did Nixon make in 1972?

Nixon visits China

What treaty was signed in 1972 to limit nuclear arms?

SALT I talks

What term refers to Nixon's domestic policy aimed at shifting power to state and local governments?

New Federalism

What economic condition characterized the U.S. in the 1970s, combining stagnation and inflation?

Stagflation

What political strategy did Nixon use to appeal to Southern voters?

Southern Strategy

What law prohibits discrimination based on sex in federally funded education programs?

Title IX

What nickname is given to the Supreme Court under Chief Justice Burger, known for its controversial rulings?

Burger Court

What landmark Supreme Court case legalized abortion in 1973?

Roe v. Wade

What treaty was signed in 1977 to transfer control of the Panama Canal to Panama?

Panama Canal Treaty