midterm questions and more

These will have questions from the midterm, quizzes 3 and 4, and pictures from the PowerPoint review

Nonrenal causes of increased levels of BUN might include

the amount of protein ingested

What word best describes the lesion(s) "X" below?

petechiae

A waste product of skeletal muscle metabolism used to assess kidney function is

creatinine

T/F: A coagulation profile (APTT, APT, ACT, PIVKA, etc.) is part of a minimum data base.

false

T/F: A blood clot is also known as a thrombus.

true

A cat was being chased by a dog just before being admitted into your hospital's examination room for a yearly PE and screening labwork. Which of the following changes are you going to most likely see on the CBC?

lymphocytosis, neutrophilia and normal basophils, eosinophils, and monocytes

A hypersegmented neutrophil is most indicative of

an older neutrophil

The arrow is referring to a structure which most likely is 

a howell-jolly body

The 2 components of blood are

plasma and formed elements

Which is considered an agranulocyte?

monocyte

If blood is put into a collection tube with an anticoagulant and then centrifuged, the fluid part of the blood will be called

plasma

Which is likely to be seen in a patient with dehydration?

hemoconcentration

the tube labeled “B“ is most consistent with

dehydration

Match the letter in the left column with the specific leukocyte in the right column based on the image below.

A: lymphocyte

B: monocyte

C: eosinophil

D: basophil

E: neutrophil

A decrease in the number of monocytes in circulation is known as

monocytopenia

which cells produce antibodies

plasma cells

The non-cellular, FLUID part of blood that is left over after the blood has been allowed to clot in a container and then centrifuged is called

serum

When carrying a microscope, it is safest to carry it by

the arm and base

When BUN and creatinine are elevated above normal, we call this condition ____________. 

azotemia

Which objective lens is most commonly damaged from being exposed to oil?

high-dry objective (40x)

If you find yourself only seeing clearly with one eye while the field of view is blurry for the other eye, which part of the microscope have you failed to adjust?

The diopter ring for the blurry side.

The distance between your eyes when viewing through the ocular lenses is called the

interpupillary distance

The mechanical stage should be _________________________ when ready to store the microscope.

all the way down

Which objective lens should always be used to make your initial lighting and focusing adjustments?

scanning objective

The devices that hold the slide in place on the mechanical stage are known as stage ____________.

clips

Select three anticoagulants commonly found in blood collection tubes.

sodium citrate

lithium or sodium heparin

EDTA

Which pair of cells are most similar to each other in appearance?

acanthocytes and echinocytes

A cellular structure or component that picks up purple stain is considered

basophilic

The "buffy coat" on a centrifuged blood sample within a microhematocrit tube represents

white blood cells and platelets

A dehydrated patient is likely to exhibit ___________________________ .

hemoconcentration

What is this celebrity's last name?

romanowsky

What color are blood collection tubes that contain heparin?

green

Centrifuging a hematocrit tube is done in order to obtain a (an):

PCV and TP

Which structure represents nuclear remnants of a red blood cell?

howell-jolly body

Match the letter in the left column (which correspond to the collection tubes below)with the MOST COMMON USE or ACCURATE DESCRIPTION of the sample (right column) that would be contained or submitted in that tube.

A: urine

B: serum

C: anticoagulated blood for a comprehensive CBC

D: anticoagulated blood for an abbreviated (non-comprehensive) plasma biochemistry

E: coagulation testing/diagnostics

Match the letter in the left column with the best description in the right column.

A: target cell (a type of leptocyte)

B: echinocyte

C: acanthocyte

D: monocyte

E: platelet

F: schistocyte

G: neutrophil

Match the term in the left column with the description in the right column.

A: polychromatophilic cell

B: acanthoycyte

C: echinocyte

D: nucleated erythrocyte

The following blood film was most likely stained using

new methylene blue

The number you will report on the medical record based on the image below is

PCV= 38%

Which values give us information about individual characteristics of red blood cells?

MCHC and MCV

Which of the red blood cell indices indicates cell size?

MCV

If 22,614 leukocytes per microliter were reported and you were told that the differential cell count reported 17% neutrophils per microliter, what would be the absolute number of neutrophils per microliter?

3,844

The packed cell volume is essentially the same measure as the _________________________.

hematocrit (HCT)

Plasma is

The fluid portion of the blood before it has clotted or with an anticoagulant.

______________________ refers to RBCs of different SHAPES.

poikilocytosis

Which  pair of red blood cells are most similar to each other in appearance?

hypochromic RBCs and torocytes

Which of the following is most likely to be seen with anemias?

polychromatophilic RBC

The red blood cells below are exhibiting

rouleaux formation

"a" is pointing to

an example of hypochromasia

"b" is pointing to

a polychromatophilic RBC

Which term is LEAST applicable to the population of cells below?

hypochromasia

The arrowHEADS are pointing to

schistocytes

The complete arrows ON THE LEFT image are pointing to

acanthocytes

The arrows are referring to 

echinocytes

The shorter arrow is referring to

a spherocyte

The arrow in the center of the image below is pointing to 

an eccentrocyte

The arrows below are referring to

stomatocytes

The complete arrow on the left lower part of the image below is referring to

a Heinz body

The arrow is pointing to a

cytoplasmic inclusion

 The 3 cells below were found in circulation and all were identified as neutrophils at different stages of maturation. When this is seen, a _________,_________is said to be present

left shift

The red arrow refers to a structure that is

within the normal size range

The cell indicated by the black arrow below has characteristics that represent something

abnormal and inherited

All of the following characteristics of "toxic" changes to neutrophils apply EXCEPT for ___________________.

cytoplasmic eosinophilia

Which of the following leukograms is most consistent with a corticosteroid-induced "stress" leukogram?

monocytosis, neutrophilia, eosinopenia, and lymphopenia

The blood film below could be described as characteristic of a

neutrophilia

The leukocytes found on this image are

characteristic of Pelger-Huet Anomaly.

The basophilic staining structure below the letter "P" is a

macroplatelet

The nucleated basophilic staining cell below is most likely a

a reactive lymphocyte

The cell immediately below the arrow is a _____________ cell.

smudge

The normal Activated Clotting Time (ACT) is

60 to 90 seconds

Which of the following values would be most specific for hepatopathies?

alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

A thrombus is eventually degraded in a process known as

fibrinolysis

Which of the following test results could be done in a clinical setting and would be reported as normal if clotting takes place within 1 to 5 minutes?

buccal mucosa bleeding time

What laboratory test evaluates kidney function and is a breakdown product of protein?

BUN

Which of the following values would be the most specific and sensitive for pancreatitis?

feline pancreatic lipase (fPL)

Which of the following information would NOT be reported in serum biochemistry?

neutrophil count

The coagulation cascade occurs as part of the

chemical phase

An anemia with a decreased MCV would be described as a _____________ anemia.

microcytic

Which collection tube cap color is most likely to be used for most coagulation tests?

blue top

Out of the options below, which enzyme would be best to evaluate if the patient had recent muscle trauma?

creatine phosphokinase

Which analyte would be most specific and sensitive for determining kidney function?

creatinine

Hypernatremia refers to elevated blood

sodium

Which word best describes the lesion "Z" below?

ecchymosis

Match the analyte on the left with the corresponding organ or event on the right.

albumin and globulins:

total protein

Match the analyte on the left with the corresponding organ or event on the right.

ALT, AST, ALP, GGT:

hepatobiliary disease, injury, or lesions

Match the analyte on the left with the corresponding organ or event on the right.

creatinine:

kidney function

Match the analyte on the left with the corresponding organ or event on the right.

electrolyte derangements:

vomiting and diarrhea

Match the analyte on the left with the corresponding organ or event on the right.

albumin and total bilirubin:

liver function

Which of the following coagulation tests requires preheating a grey-top tube?

ACT

The total protein obtained from a microhematocrit tube and a refractometer is composed of:

albumin, liver proteins, and immunoglobulins.

Which of the following collection tubes is most likely to be used when you need to obtain biochemistry analytes?

serum separator tube (sst)

The total protein reported includes the combination of

albumin and globulins

Which of the following values would likely be elevated postprandial?

triglycerides

T/F: The end result of the coagulation cascade is to produce a platelet plug.

false

Vasoconstriction after trauma to tissue vessels occurs as part of the

mechanical phase

The most common inherited coagulopathy in dogs, especially Doberman Pinschers, is

von Willebrand disease

Creatinine concentrations in serum can be influenced by

hydration level

What blood chemistry test is not a test for liver damage?

lipase

Clotting factors like fibrinogen are considered a part of the

plasma

Which of the following tubes can be used to obtain serum biochemistry values?

serum separator tube (sst)