scientists hosa - epidem

Hippocrates

Father of medicine; first known epidemiologist; examined the relationship between disease occurrence and environmental influences.

Girolamo Fracastoro

Proposed that particles causing diseases were alive; emphasized personal and environmental hygiene in preventing diseases.

Wu Youke

Developed the idea that some diseases are caused by transmissible agents, known as Li Qi.

Thomas Sydenham

First to distinguish fevers in Londoners during the late 1600s.

John Graunt

Published analysis of mortality data; considered the father of medical statistics.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Father of microbiology; invented a microscope and discovered cells.

James Lind

Conducted the first controlled experiment treating scurvy with limes.

Edward Jenner

Developed the first successful smallpox vaccine.

William Farr

Father of vital statistics; built upon Graunt's work.

Joaquin de Villalba

First to use the word epidemiology to describe the study of epidemics.

John Snow

Father of modern epidemiology; studied the cholera epidemic in Soho using a geographical map.

Louis Pasteur

Developed vaccines for anthrax and rabies; demonstrated the role of microorganisms.

Robert Koch

Formalized standards to identify infectious disease agents and a founder of bacteriology.

Joseph Goldberger

Studied the dietary origin of pellagra.

Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill

Led the British Doctors Study linking tobacco smoking to lung cancer.

Mantel and Haenszel

Developed a statistical procedure for analysis of case-control studies.

Brian MacMahon

Published the first epidemiological text focusing on study design.

World Health Assembly 1980

Declared smallpox eradicated.

Edward Sydenstricker

Contributed to behavioral risk factor epidemiology and standardization of surveillance methods.

Albert Sabin

Credited with developing the first oral polio vaccine.

George Soper

Discovered Mary Mallon as a chronic carrier of typhoid fever.

Mandy Cohen

Current CDC director.

Carl Urbani

Identified SARS as a new and dangerous disease.

Ignaz Semmelweis

Found that unclean hands were linked to high childbirth mortality.

Jonas Salk

Developed one of the first successful polio vaccines.

Alexander Fleming

Discovered penicillin.

Takeshi Hirayama

Credited with the first study linking passive smoking to lung cancer.

Robert Redfield

HIV researcher and CDC director from 2018-2021.

Edwin Chadwick

Noted for reforms in urban sanitation and public health in England.

Max Theiler

Won the Nobel Prize for developing a vaccine for yellow fever.

Alice Hamilton

Pioneer in toxicology; discovered causes of a typhoid fever epidemic in Chicago.

Framingham study

Studied risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease.

Virginia Apgar

Inventor of the Apgar score to assess newborn health.

Giovanni Maria Lancisi

Considered one of the first hygienists.

Hans Zinsser

Used logical processes to find causes and work towards disease eradication.

Thomas Francis Jr

Isolated the influenza virus and developed various vaccines, including the influenza vaccine.

Carlos J. Finlay

Discovered that diseases can be transmitted through vectors.

Stanley Prusiner

Discovered the concept of prions.

Joseph Lister

Founder of modern surgery; introduced sanitary procedures to decrease infections.

William Graunt

Statistician who gathered London morbidity data to assess health impacts.

2023 Nobel Prize Winners Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman

Developed mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 using nucleoside modification.

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus

WHO Director General.

Benjamin Jersey

Discovered the link between smallpox and cowpox.