Communication Skills

Which of the following is commonly considered a positive gesture?

giving the thumbs-up

Meditation and prayer are forms of which coping skill?

spirituality

During a personal conversation, it would be most appropriate to stand ______ from the person you are speaking with.

2 feet

When communicating with patients, you should always:

display positive body language

What is the most commonly used defense mechanism?

displacement

Watching TV and reading excessively to avoid dealing with an issue are common types of:

temporary withdrawal

In the context of communication, ______ may be considered as the awareness of one's own feelings and the feelings of others.

perception

The two main types of boundaries are:

physical and emotional

The majority of the population are _____ learners.

visual

If you have eye contact with a person during conversation, it probably means that he or she is:

paying attention to you

Statements that begin with "_______" can open up a conversation and give patients a positive impression that you care about how they are.

I

A ________ would be most appropriate to provide positive reinforcement to a patient who has followed the prescribed treatment and lost weight.

pat on the back

Everyone is motivated by:

needs

About 5 percent of the population is made up of ______ learners.

kinesthetic

Participating in conversation with another person by repeating words and phrases or by giving approving or disapproving nods is:

active listening

Which of the following describes a type(s) of verbal communication?

the spoken word

Which of the following is not a deficit need?

self-actualization

Learn by hearing

b. auditory

Visual people need to see pictures or see it in writing

a. visual

These people think in terms of sensations or feeling, often move their hands when talking, and respond physically as well as verbally

c. kinesthetic

These learners learn effectively through touch and movement and space and learn skills by imitation and practice

c. kinesthetic

These learners make up about 65 percent of the population

a. visual

These learners make up about 30 percent of the population

b. auditory

This type of learner tends to listen to a lecture and then take notes afterward or rely on printed notes

b. auditory

This type of learner will most likely take notes, even if written information is presented

a. visual

Make up only 5 percent of the population

c. kinesthetic

Make adjustments for space, therapeutic touch, and reflective (mirror) feedback

c. kinesthetic

Provide written material

a. visual

Provide clear instructions and information and provide an opportunity for the patient to ask questions to reinforce information

b. auditory

Be sure there is opportunity for the patient to make notes

a. visual

Provide time for note-taking after the session

b. auditory

"Yes, but ..."

b. nonadaptive coping skill

Change thoughts

a. adaptive coping skill

Over- or under-eating

b. nonadaptive coping skill

Journaling

a. adaptive coping skill

Planning

a. adaptive coping skill

Humor

a. adaptive coping skill

Inappropriate boundaries

b. nonadaptive coping skill

Hanging onto anger

b. nonadaptive coping skill

Isolation

b. nonadaptive coping skill

Spirituality

a. adaptive coping skill

What are the most powerful body language skills?

Eye contact

Thumbs up

positive nonverbal gesture

Okay gesture

Positive nonverbal gesture

Applause

positive nonverbal gesture

Handshake

positive nonverbal gesture

High five

positive nonverbal gesture

Winking

positive nonverbal gesture

crossed arms

negative body language

looking at the watch

negative body language

rolling of the eyes

negative body language

tapping of the foot or fingers

negative body language

talking under one's breath

negative body language

sighing

negative body language

personal conversation acceptable space?

1.5 to 4 ft

social conversation acceptable space

4 ft to 12 ft

public setting acceptable space

12 to 25 ft

silence

another powerful nonverbal communication

True/False

Patients who have been touched by a hand on the shoulder or a handheld, respond significantly better in treatment than those not touched.

When touching someone to offer comfort or praise, should you do it in the prescence of other professionals for protection against possible misunderstandings?

yes

Trust vs Mistrust

Infant

Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt

Toddler

Initiative vs Guilt

Pre-schooler

Industry vs. Inferiority

Grade-schooler

Identity vs role confusion

teenager

Intimacy vs isolation

young adult

Generativity vs stagnation

middle-age adult

integrity vs depair

older adult

Maslow's model of five stages of needs

physiological, safety and security, love and affection, esteem, self-actualization

Physiological needs

food, water, oxygen, elimination of waste, protection from temperature extremes, sleep (basic survival needs)

Safety and security

free from fear and anxiety. feel secure in the environment

Love and affection

feel sense of belonging, can give and receive friendship and love

esteem

self-respect, has approval of others, confidence, and independence

self-actualization

obtain full potential, become a problem solver, and place a great deal of emphasis on family and long-term relationship

five stages of grief

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

what are defense mechanisms?

unconscious acts used to help us deal with unpleasant and socially unacceptable circumstances or behaviors and to make an emotional adjustment in everyday situations. We all use various defense mechanisms from time to time.

Repression

most commonly used defense mechanism. holding feelings inside of forcing unacceptable or painful ideas, feelings and impulses into the unconscious mind. thye don't vanish and can surface in dreams of subtle behaviors.

suppression

person becomes purposely involved in a project, hobby, or work so that a painful situation can be avoided. rather than face a difficult problem within a relationship, for instance, some throw themselves into their work so much that there is little or no time for the relationship.

displacement

transfer of emotions about one person or situation to another. a typical example of displacement when working as a medical assistant might be as followed: in the coruse of the day, you have many duties to perform for others, and one patient in articular becomes overly demanding or diffiucult. you hld back the strong feelings that arise and deal with the situation professionally. later in the evening at home, you allow the pent-up anger to surface and direct it at a family member.

projection

you might unconsciously blame another person for your own inadequacies. an extreme form of projection can lead to hostile, even aggressive behavior if you perceive another person to be the cause of the painful feelings. for example, an obese patient who has gained a few pounds might blame you, arguing that the scales were set up or read incorrectly.

rationalization

you justify your behavior with socially acceptable reasons and tend to ignore the real reasons underlying the behavior. this self-disciplined, unconscious act might seem harmless, but habitual use can become nonproductive or even destructive because it distorts reality. A typical rationalization might be, "I dieted strictly all day; therefore, it is okay to eat a couple of candy bars later in the evening after supper"

intellectualization

another means of denying socially unacceptable feelings or strong feelings that cannot be easily expressed. you use reasoning to avoid confronting emotional conflicts and stressful situations. you might discuss all the facts and provide endless information about how to begin caring for an older adult relative, elaborating on special diets and home health care to avoid dealing with true feelings of sadness that can accompany the person's illness.

sublimation

used unconsciously to express socially unacceptable instinctive drives or impulses in approved and acceptable ways. an example of sublimation might be a 30-year-old parent who is a frustrated athlete forcing their child to excel in a sport or an artist unconsciously directing sexual impulses in the form of constructive writing, sculpture, painting, or photography.

compensation

use a talent or attribute to the fullest to compensate for a realized personal shortcoming. ex. a person who can no longer participate in sports bc of illness or injury might find satisfaction in writing about the game, helping with coaching, or becoming an ardent fan of a well-known team.

temporary withdrawl

retreat from facing a painful or difficult situation. this avoidance of something unpleasant is another way of protecting ourselves from disagreeable feelings. watching TV or reading excessively to avoid dealing with an issue are common types of withdrawl. putting off issues only makes the situation worse. as withdrawl goese on, it produces anxiety and makes the problem more difficult to face.

daydreaming

temporary withdrawl that we all do from time to time. escape momentarily from reality and relax. you can become very creative and return refreshed from this.

malingering

you deliverately pretend to be sick to avoid dealing with situations that are unpleasant or cause anxiety.

denial

commonly used defense mechanism. refusal to admit or acknowledge something so that you do not have to deal with a problem or situation. ex. when a person has been given a diagnosis of a terminal illness and doesn't accept the reality of it and believes that recovery is certain, that person is in the denial stage.

regression

behaving in ways that are characteristic of an earlier developmental level. this usually happens in times of high stress. ex. college student consoles themself during final exam week by eating hot fudge sundaes as they did as a child with their mother whenever problems at school piled up.

What are the four E's

encouragement, empahty, enlistment, education

instead of deformity, say...

appearnce

instead of worry, say...

wonder

instead of "perform an x-ray", say...

take a pic

instead of problem, say...

finding

Confidential communicaiont preference (CCP) form

discussing patient privacy with family members