Electrolyte Imbalances: Sodium, Chloride, and Magnesium

This flashcard set covers the vocabulary and clinical manifestations of high and low levels of sodium, chloride, and magnesium based on the provided lecture notes.

Hypernatremia

A condition where sodium is more than $145$, characterized as "Big & Bloated" with symptoms including FLUSHED skin, EDEMA, LOW FEVER, and Gl nauseau.

Hyponatremia

A condition where sodium is less than $135$, characterized as "depressed & Deflated" with symptoms such as Neuro Seizures & Coma, Heart Tachycardia & weak thready pulses, and RESPIRATORY ARREST.

Polydipsia

Excessive thirst, identified as a symptom of hypernatremia.

Swollen dry tongue

A late serious sign of hypernatremia and a symptom of hyper chloremia.

Hyperchloremia

A condition where chloride is more than $107$, with signs nearly the same as high sodium including nausea, vomitting, and confusion.

Hypochloremia

A condition where chloride is less than $97$; signs include excessive diarrhea, vomitting, sweating, and fever.

Hypermagnesemia

A condition where magnesium is more than $2.1$; signs are described as "Calm & Quiet" and include heart block, bradycardia, hypotension, and shallow respirations.

Hypomagnesemia

A condition where magnesium is less than $1.3$; signs are described as "Buck Wild!" and include tachycardia, abnormal eye movements, and hyperreflexia.

Hyporeflexia

Calm Deep Tendon Reflexes ($DTR$) associated with Hypermagnesemia.

Hyperreflexia

Wild Deep Tendon Reflexes ($DTR$) associated with Hypomagnesemia.