Unit 1 vocab Bio

Acid

Realeases H+ in water

Amino acid

Monomer of proteins

Anion

Ion that has gained electrons, negatively charge

Atom

Building block of all matter

Atomic number

Number of protons

Base

Accepts H+ in water

Biodiversity

Variation among organisms

Biology

Study of life

Biosphere

all the ecosystems on Earth

Buffer

chemicals that stabilize pH

Carbohydrate

made of CHO in 1:2:1 ratio

Cation

ion that has lost electrons, positively charged

Cell

Basic unit of life

Cohesion

water bonds to water

Community

group of different populations

consumer

gets energy my feeding

Covalent bond

atoms share electrons

Dehydration synthesis

reaction that joins monomers into polymers by the removal of water

Denature

unravel the shape of a protein

Disaccharide

two sugar subunits joined

DNA

carries hereditary information

Ecosystem

community interacting with its environment

electron

negatively charged particle

Eletronegativity

ability of an atom to pull electrons from other atoms

Element

pure substance made of one type of atom

Emergent property

characteristic that does not appear in any of the systems component parts

Enzyme

speeds up reactions

Eukaryote

organisms with a nuclear & membrane bound organelles

Functional group

bonds to a carbon and has a specific chemical property

Homeostasis

process where internal conditions are kept within tolerable ranges.

Hydrogen bond

hydrogen bonds to another atom

Hydrolysis

addition of water to break polymers apart

Hydrophilic

interacts with water

Hydrophobic

does not interact with water

Inheritance

transmission of DNA of offspring

Ion

charged atom

Ionic bond

links ions of opposite charges

isotope

element with different neutrons

Lipid

fatty, oily, or waxy organic compound

Mass number

mass of protons plus neutrons in nucleus

metabolism

all the reactions that build and break down molecules

monomer

simple subunits

Monosaccharide

monomer of carbohydrates

Neutron

uncharged particle

nonpolar

shares electrons equally

Nucleic acid

carries genetic information as DNA or RNA

Nucleotide

monomer of nuclear acids

Nutrient

substance needed for growth and development

Organ

tissues that work together

Organ system

organs that work together

Organic

made of carbon

Organism

One individual

Peptide bond

bond between amino acids

Phospholipid

made of a polar head any fatty acid tails

Photosynthesis

process by which light energy is used to make sugar

polar

unequal sharing of electrons

Polymer

large molecule made of monomers

Polysaccharide

many sugars joined together

population

group of same type of organism

Producer

organism that makes its own food

producer

organism that makes its own food

Prokaryote

organisms that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Proton

positively charged particle

Saturated fat

straight chain of single bonds, solid at room temp

Species

organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Steroid

lipid with 4 carbon rings and no fatty acid tails.

Taxonomy

science of naming and classifying organisms

Tissue

cells that work together

Unsaturated fat

crooked chain with double bonds, liquid at room temp

Valence electron

electron in outermost energy level