Geog 1010 E2 SSA

Where are the highest elevations in sub-Saharan Africa found?

eastern ridge

Does rainfall or temperature have more influence on vegetation belts?

Rainfall

What are the 3 main biomes found in this region?

Tropical forests, savannas, deserts

What makes people in this region highly vulnerable to environmental changes?

Most of the population is rural and derives their living from the land

What is desertification?

expansion of desert-like conditions due to human-induced degradation

What are some potential threats the region faces due to climate change?

poverty, recurrent droughts, and reliance on rain-fed agriculture

How does SSA's population density compare to the US?

its similar

What is the region's total fertility rate? How does it compare to the TFR in other parts of the world?

4.6

What are some reasons for high fertility in the region? How does urbanization affect family sizes?

Women marry young and often have little formal education, children are still a source of labor inrural areas and are expected to take care of parents when they get old

What are zoonotic diseases?

infections that can spread between animals and humans

What region has most of the world's malaria infections and deaths?

Sub-saharan africa

How is HIV typically transmitted in SSA? What are some major reasons for its spread?

unprotected heterosexual sex, the birth process, and breastfeeding

Where was Ebola first identified?

along the banks of the Ebola River in the DRC

Why is it difficult for many sub-Saharan African borrowers to get mortgages?

housing shortage

In what ways are colonial influences still evident in cities?

segregated cities, stricter building/land laws

For what different purposes are indigenous/trade/colonizer languages spoken?

you might have a tribal language which is usd in small groups. trade languages are spokenwidely with other people in the region. colonizer languages are used for purposes likeadministrative stuff. more like for government use.

When did Christianity arrive in NE Africa? When did European settlers and missionaries start showing up?

1600S

When was Islam introduced?

1000 yrs ago

Why were Liberia and Sierra Leone created?

liberia is for people from the us; sierra leone is for people from british colonies

What gave European colonizers the upper hand in the 1880s? What was the "Scramble for Africa"?

Machine guns.

Colonization of most of africa by western european countries

What was the Berlin Conference?

Divided continent into parts that were traded "like pieces in a game of Monopoly"

Which SSA country was the first to gain its independence from Europe?

South Africa

Was decolonization mostly a peaceful process? Was this the case everywhere?

yes

What was apartheid?

government-enforced racial segregation in S. Africa from 1948-1994

Did colonizing powers adequately prepare their former colonies for independence? How did the borders that were drawn up affect the situation?

They did almost nothing.

people from different ethnic groups found themselves forced into thesame state with peoples of different linguistic and religious backgrounds

Why couldn't the maps just be redrawn?

bc you will still upset people and it was decided that ethnic groups were too small to survive astheir own country.

What is the difference between refugees and internally displaced persons?

They are people who are involuntary migrating. because of violence etc. refugees go to othercountries. internally displaced move around in the country

What are "blood diamonds" and how have they contributed to conflict in Liberia and Sierra Leone?

Cycles of violence in Liberia and Sierra Leone have been attributed to availability of diamonds to fund conflict

How do most countries in the region fare on the Human Development Index?

High poverty, very low rank

What are some contributing factors to poverty in SSA?

Corruption/poor political and physical infrastructure, Physical environment (infertile soils, erraticrainfall, lack of navigable rivers), Tropical diseases/limited public health resources, colonization

What are some signs of economic growth?

Standards of living are rising

What are "industries without smokestacks"? What did the Economist video we watched say about economic growth and education for girls?

Not Sure