BIO 4

Receptor proteins in the plasma membrane function to:

Receive chemical signals from outside the cell

Diffusion is the movement of a substance:

From high concentration to low concentration

A cell placed in a hypotonic solution will:

Swell as water enters

The phospholipid tails are:

Nonpolar and hydrophobic

DNA in the nucleus is associated with proteins and is called:

Chromatin

The two major groups of prokaryotes are:

Bacteria and archaea

All prokaryotic cells contain which of the following basic features?

Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA

Movement of large molecules out of the cell is called:

Exocytosis

The 'fingerprints' on the surface of cells consist of:

Carbohydrate chains attached to proteins and lipids

The phospholipid head is:

Hydrophilic and interacts well with water

Osmosis is specifically the diffusion of:

Water

The plasma membrane is often referred to as a fluid mosaic because:

The components can move within the membrane, creating a mosaic pattern

The nucleus is separated from the cytoplasm by:

A double phospholipid bilayer (nuclear membrane)

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:

Shrink as water exits

Prokaryotes have existed for approximately:

3.5 billion years

Cystic fibrosis is caused by:

A faulty transmembrane transport protein

The term 'cell' was first used in the 1600s by:

Robert Hooke

Transport proteins in the plasma membrane function to:

Allow specific molecules to cross the membrane

The rough endoplasmic reticulum appears 'rough' because:

It has ribosomes attached to its surface

The theory of endosymbiosis explains the presence of which organelles?

Mitochondria and chloroplasts

Facilitated diffusion involves:

Movement through carrier proteins without energy

The two basic types of cells are:

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Which type of protein spans the entire plasma membrane?

Transmembrane proteins

Which of the following is a principle of cell theory?

All cells come from preexisting cells

Movement of large molecules into the cell is called:

Endocytosis

Which organelle produces ATP for the cell?

Mitochondria

Eukaryotic cells are about how many times larger than prokaryotic cells?

10 times

Which type of cell houses genetic material in a nucleus?

Eukaryotic cells

Transport proteins in the plasma membrane function to:

Allow specific molecules to cross the membrane

Passive transport requires:

No energy