Fresh and saltwater systems

All units

What percentage of the worlds fresh water do snow and ice sheets hold

68-70%

How many ice ages have happened

There have been at least five major ice ages in Earth's history, characterized by significant global cooling and extensive glaciers.

What shape are headwaters

Narrow, straight, fast forwarded

Is there more freshwater underground or in lakes, ponds and streams combined

Underground

When does sedimentation occur

when the forces keeping them suspended are overcome by gravity or other settling forces, causing them to come to rest

What does the height of a wave measure to and from

Crest and Trough

What most influences the tides

The moons gravitational pull

Abyssal plains

Large open areas on the ocean floor

What are Abyssal plains formed by

Thick deposits of sediment

Thermocline

an area in the ocean where temperatures drop rapidly

Why can large bodies of water influence regional climates

Because of the very high thermal capacity of water

Where do warm ocean currents originate from

The equator

What produces density currents

Masses of cold water flowing beneath the ocean surface

What is a natural purifier of water

The water cycle

The water cycle order

Evaporation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, groundwater

Continental shelf

the gently sloping, submerged edge of a continent that extends from the shoreline to the continental slope

Continental slope

A steep slope less than 200km that drops to about 3km deep

mid Atlantic ridge

A long mountain range along the central Atlantic Ocean

Oceanic trenches

Narrow steep canyons

A continental margin

The rethink between the coast and the edge of the ocean basin

Algal bloom

A possible consequence of too many nutrients running off into lakes and ponds

Sea floor vents

A fissure on the ocean floor where substances escape from

Detritus

Comes from the decomposition of plants and animals

Bioamplification

refers to the increasing concentration of a substance, particularly toxins, as it moves up the food chain within an ecosystem

Chimiosynthesis

Process that allows organisms to transform chemicals into food and oxygen

Diversity

Aquatic environments

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