English III H Final Exam Study Guide

alliteration

 The repetition of similar consonant sounds within a phrase or sentence

conduplicatio

 repetition of a key word over successive phrases or clauses

Paralipsis

pretending to omit something

Synecdoche

 figure of speech in which the part of something is used to represent the whole

Narration

tell a story—relating events in climatic sequence (can be imaginary or real)

Description

1. Writer captures the essence of a scene, person or thing, with words

process and analysis

1. gives instructions on how to do something or describes how something was done

cause and effect

1.  focuses on explanations that show a connection between a situation and its cause or effect

Exemplification

1.  gives examples that clarify what the writer is trying to say. 

definition

spelling out exactly what a word or phrase means

comparison/contrast

point how two things are similar; to stress how they are dissimilar

division/classification

To break down a subject into its constituent types; discover the nature of a subject by a study of its parts and their relationship to the larger whole

argumentation

1. Refers to any essay/speech whose aim is to sway or persuade a reader/listener

Feminist

1.  focuses on how women’s lives or the relationships of men and women are influenced or distorted by their culture, time period, or expected gender roles.

New Historicism

1.  focuses on finding meaning in a text by considering the work within the framework of the prevailing ideas and assumptions of its historical era.

marxist

focuses on how individual lives are shaped by their class or by the interaction of social classes and political institutions.

New Criticism:

 focuses on interpreting a work based solely on what is within the work itself by usually analyzing elements such as irony, paradox, imagery, metaphor, etc. 

Psychoanalytical

1. focuses on demonstrating how human traits, flaws, weaknesses, and tendencies affect the outcome of the story, and how self-interest such as, greed, impatience, etc affects behavior.

Archetypal

 focuses on the assumption that there is a collection of symbols, images, characters, and motifs that evokes basically the same response in all people.

romanticism

It emerged as a reaction against the Enlightenment's focus on reason and rationality, emphasizing instead emotions, individualism, and the importance of nature.

dark romanticism

focusing on the darker aspects of human nature and the supernatural. It's a response to Romanticism, exploring themes of guilt, sin, madness, and the potential for evil within individuals. 

transcendentalism

emphasized individualism, intuition, and the inherent goodness of nature and humanity. It drew inspiration from European Romanticism. a belief in the essential unity of all creation, the innate goodness of humanity, and the supremacy of insight over logic.

existentialism

emphasizes individual existence, freedom, and choice. Emphasized authenticity, meaninglessness, anxiety, freedom, responsibility, and the search for meaning in a seemingly absurd world. 

ratification

the action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid.

dishearten

cause (someone) to lose determination or confidence.

contemptuous

showing contempt; scornful.

indignant

feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment

sardonic

grimly mocking or cynical.

didactic

intended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction as an ulterior motive.

moralistic

overfond of making moral judgements about others' behavior; too ready to moralize.

perpetual

never ending or changing, occurring repeatedly

equilibrium

a state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced.

inborn

existing from birth.

despondent

in low spirits from loss of hope or courage.

refutation

the action of proving a statement or theory to be wrong or false.

incisive

(of a person or mental process) intelligently analytical and clear-thinking.