ANATOMY LAB NERVOUS SYSTEM EXAM 2

(Neuron) Stoma

(Nervous) Dendrites

(nervous) Axon

propagates electrical signal to the synpatic knob

(nervous) myelin

(nervous) nodes of ranvier

space between the mylein

(nervous) synaptic knob

passes signal to something else in the environment

Meninges

• anchors brain to the skull - “seatbelt”

• prevent bran from “sloshing” around when a person moves

Dura mater

dural sinus / superior sagittal sinus

arachnoid matter

subarachnoid space

cerebrospinal fluid

pia mater

(general) sulci

“grooves”

central sulcus

separates frontal and parietal lobe

(general) gyri

“hills” of brain

precentral gyrus (structural) / primary motor cortex (functional)

(frontal) postcentral gyrus (structural) / primary sensory cortex (functional)

longitudinal cerebral fissure

separates right and left cerebral hemispheres

lateral cerebral fissure

separates temporal lobe from parietal and frontal lobes

(telencephalon) cerebral hemisphere

(diencephalon) thalamus

“relay center” for incoming sensory information

(diencephalon) hypothalamus

• helps regulate homeostasis

• regulates endocrine system

(diencephalon) third ventricle

between thalamus halves

(diencephalon) optic chiasm

(mesencephalon) cerebral peduncles

nerve bundles

(mesencephalon) corpora quadrigemina

reflex center

(mesencephalon) cerebral aqueduct

(metencephalon) cerebellum

responsible for body movement and posture

(metencephalon) pons

breathing control center

(metencephalon) fourth ventricle

between cerebellum and medulla oblongata

(myelencephalon) medulla oblongata

• controls cardiovascular system

• if damaged, human cannot survive

(lobes) frontal

• movement / motor

• problem solving

• memory

(lobes) parietal

• perception of general sense

(lobes) temporal

• speech

• hearing

• memory

(lobes) occipital

• vision

(frontal lobe) somatic motor association area

• controls skeletal muscles

premotor cortex

Broca’s area / motor speech

• coordinates muscles for talking

• only on left side of brain

(parietal) primary sensory cortex

• locates on postcentral gyrus

• conscious perception of sensory input

(parietal) somatic sensory association area

• processing of general senses input

visual area

auditory area

olfactory area

gustatory area

basal nuclei

(white matter tracts) projection

connect cerebrum to brainstem

(white matter tracts) association

connect areas of the same hemisphere

(white matter tracts) commissural

• connect the hemispheres

• ex; corpus callosum

(white matter tracts) (commissural) corpus callosum

(general) cranial nerves

(cranial nerves) optic II

(cranial nerves) Vestibulocochlear VIII

(cranial nerves) vagus X

olfactory bulbs

(hypothalumus) pituitary gland

• endocrine

(hypothalumus) infundibulum

(midbrain) corpora quadrigemina

reflex center

(midbrain - corpora quadrigemina) superior colliculi

(midbrain - corpora quadrigemina) inferior colliculi

lateral ventricles

interventricular foramen

central canal

choroid plexus