Deviance, Social Class, Race/Ethnicity, and Gender

These flashcards cover key concepts from Chapters 6 to 9, including deviance, social class, race/ethnicity, and gender issues discussed in the lecture.

Deviance

A violation of societal norms.

Functionalist Perspective

Functions associated with deviance include clarification of societal norms and the promotion of social cohesion.

Strain Theory

Individuals want to reach cultural goals but lack the means, leading to strain.

Primary Deviance

The first time a person commits a deviant act.

Differential Association Theory

The concept that individuals become deviant through associations with others who have deviant attitudes.

Labeling Theory

Once labeled in a deviant way, individuals may internalize the label and act accordingly.

Positive Deviance

Violation of a norm that is perceived positively, such as acts seen as heroic.

Social Stratification

The division of society into groups arranged in a social hierarchy.

Vertical Mobility

Movement up or down the social class ladder.

Cultural Capital

Knowledge and skills that help maintain social class stability across generations.

Status Inconsistency

When an individual has mismatched positions in different status hierarchies.

Social Construction of Race

Race is maintained through historical, political, and institutional processes.

Prejudice

An attitude toward a person based on their group membership.

Microaggressions

Slight, often unintentional, insults directed at members of a minority group.