4.2 Soil Formation And Erosion

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15 Terms

1

Which horizon in a soil profile contains the most organic matter?

A. O horizon

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2

What is the process by which rocks and minerals are broken down by natural forces like water, wind, and temperature changes called?

C. Weathering

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3

What is the primary cause of soil erosion on a deforested slope?

B. The absence of plant roots to hold soil in place

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4

Which soil texture has the highest water-holding capacity?

C. Clay soil

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5

In a typical soil profile, which layer would you expect to have the least organic material?

D. C horizon

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6

Which soil conservation technique involves planting along the natural contours of the land?

B. Contour plowing

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7

Which soil component is most susceptible to erosion by wind and water?

A. Sand

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8

Which statement about soil degradation is correct?

C. It can result from both deforestation and overgrazing.

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9

What property is determined by the relative amounts of sand, silt, and clay?

B. Texture

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10

What term describes the process in which soil nutrients are washed away from the soil by water?

B. Leaching

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11

A soil profile that is rich in iron and aluminum oxides and low in organic material is likely found in which horizon?

C. B horizon

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12

Which practice can help increase the porosity of soil, thereby improving drainage?

C. Increasing organic content

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13

What type of weathering occurs when rock is broken down by plant roots or burrowing animals?

B. Biological weathering

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14

Soil that is 40% sand, 40% silt, and 20% clay is classified as what?

B. Loam

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15

Which soil horizon is known as the 'zone of accumulation' where minerals like iron and clay accumulate from above?

B. B horizon

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