Crop Production and Agricultural Technology Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering the evolution of agricultural technology, early plant domestication, key steps and determinants in crop production, and the status and factors influencing crop agriculture in Ethiopia.

Primitive Agriculture

An agricultural system characterized as manual labor intensive and using low efficiency tools.

Technological Advances in Agriculture

Introduced agricultural developments including improved seeds, better farming practices, and harvesting and storage facilities.

Modern Agriculture

Agricultural practice utilizing machinery, agrochemicals, irrigation, biotechnology, plant breeding, and genetic improvement of plants.

Ethiopia's Arable Land

Ethiopia possesses $55\text{ million hectares}$ of arable lands, of which only about $20\%$ is cultivated, mainly by smallholders.

Major Ethiopian Crops

Five major crops that contribute approximately $75\%$ of Ethiopia's cultivated area: Teff, Maize, wheat, Sorghum, and Barley.

Factors Limiting Ethiopian Yields

Principal factors responsible for low yield levels in Ethiopia relative to international standards, including soil degradation, traditional farming systems with little technology, uncertain and variable rainfall, very low level of irrigation, low use of inputs, recurrent droughts, and climate changes.

Early Plant Selection Criteria

Factors influencing plant species selection by early societies, including ease to harvest, availability, good flavor, grain size, climate tolerance, ease to transport, and predictable seasonal availability.

Legume Detoxification Methods

Techniques developed by early societies through trial and error to preserve and remove toxicity from certain early legume species.

Determinants of Crop Production

The core factors that crop production depends on, which include crop type, environmental conditions, and agricultural practices.

Key Steps in Crop Production

Critical stages in crop production including land selection, timely planting, pest and disease protection, and productivity techniques.

Role of Crop Plants

The essential function of providing food for humans and feed for livestock, making agriculture essential for society.

Early Utilized Plant Species

Plant species used by early societies, including wild rice, grass species, wild oats, and legumes.