Islam

Six articles of faith

Six articles of faith

Sunni: Tawhid (monotheism), risalah (messengers), malaikah (angels), kutub (scriptures), akhirah (life after death), qadr (last day)

Five principles of faith

Tawhid (oneness), adl (divine justice), nubuwwah (prophets), imamah, ma’ad (day of judgement)

Other scriptures

Tawrat/Torah (musa), zabur/psalms (dawud), injil/gospels (isa), suhuf/scrolls (ibrahim)

Adam

First prophet, him and hawwa (Eve) age forbidden fruit, god forgave them and put them on Earth. Adam built Ka’ba as thanks for forgiveness. shows gods mercy, man’s disobedience

Ibrahim

Old and had no kids, granted Ishaq and Ismael, rejected idolatry, prepared to sacrifice son, restored ka’ba with Ismael his son, given ‘a message for the nations’, ‘Allah did take Ibrahim for a friend’

Ismail

Ibrahim’s son, kicked up ZamZam well, helped rebuild Ka’ba

Musa

Born a Jew, raised by pharaoh, Prince of Egypt (basket), killed an Egyptian and fled, called back to free the Jews, parted Nile, received Torah but got distorted

Dawud

King of Israel, Killed giant Goliath, received Zabur

Isa

Human prophet, not crucified, messiah, injil distorted

When Quran was revealed

Laylatul qadr, over 20 years

Jibril

Chief Angel, brings message to prophets, true form has 600 wings

Izra’il

Angel of death, separates soul from body

Mika’il

Guardian of heaven, sends rain thunder lightning by command of god

Israfil

Blows final trumpet

Jabarriyah view on qadr

No free will, complete predestination

Mutazilite view on qadr

No qadr, only free will.

Shia view on qadr

Partial free will. God controls it but he can change it at any time

Barzakh

Waiting period between death and judgement

Signs of Yawm al qiyamah

Isa/twelfth imam reappears

5 pillars

Shahadah, salah, zakat, sawm, hajj

Extra 10 obligatory acts

Khums, amr bil maroof (doing good), nahi anil munkar (stopping wrongdoing), tawalla (showing love towards), tabarra (showing disdain towards evil)

Adhan

Call to prayer, used to be done from a minaret, given again as iqamah

Jumah prayer

Instead of duhr on a Friday

Importance of salah quote

‘Verily between man and polytheism and unbelief is the negligence of prayer” sahih Muslim

Shia prayer

Join duhr&asr, maghrib&isha, pray with clay

Dua

Supplication

Prayer beads

Used to count phrases

Zakah

Sunni 2.5% above minimum, Shia 20% (khums)

Sadaqah

Donation aside from zakah

Ramadan features

Sawm, taraweeh

Ihram

State of holiness/purity of pilgrims on hajj

Hajj order

Circle Kaaba 7x (tawaf), sa’y (running), Arafat (plead for forgiveness), Mina (stoning iblis, animal sacrifice, eid al adha), shaving head, final tawaf

Significance of hajj

Taqwa (consciousness of god), ummah, forgiveness

Eid al adha

Festival of sacrifice, remembers gods mercy over Ibrahim, slaughter an animal, third for family, third for friends and relatives, third for the poor

Eid al fitr

Sadaqat al fitr, eid prayers, forgiveness, new clothes, meals and celebrations

Eid al ghadeer

Shia, 18 Dhul-Hijjah, day of last sermon & appointment of Ali, full bath, prayers, presents, meals

Ashura

10 Muharram, nuh left ark, musa saved, voluntary fasting, martyrdom of hussein (son of Ali) in karbala for shias, public expression of mourning and grief, some visit his tomb

Jihad

Greater/lesser: greater is internal, fighting temptation. Lesser is physical, may include fighting an enemy of Islam.

Q for importance of 6 articles

‘Righteous is he who believes in Allah and the last day and the angels and the scriptures and the prophets’ surah baqarah

Q for Tawhid

‘Say: he is Allah, the one and only’

Q fir Muhammad saw as last prophet

‘Seal of the prophets’ Quran

Q for Muhammad as a role model

‘Certainly, you have in the messenger of god an excellent example’

Q for when predestination

‘We have tied their fate to their neck’

Q from Muhammad’s last sermon

‘No prophet will come after me. I leave behind me two things: the qur’an and the sunnah. Follow these and you will never go astray’

Q for free will and predestination

‘Allah will not change the condition of a people unless they change what is in themselves’

Q against terrorism

‘There is no compulsion in religion’

Q for judgement

‘Those whose scale [of good deeds] is heavy, they will live in prosperity, and whoever’s scale is light, they will be punished’ alqariah

Q for martyrdom

‘Do not think of those who have been killed in the way of Allah as dead. Rather they are alive with their Lord and provided for’

Q for importance of charity

‘Save yourself from hellfire by giving even half a date in charity’ Hadith

Q for lack of importance of charity

‘A kind word and forgiveness is better charity followed by hurtful words’ Hadith

Q for justifying lesser jihad

‘Fight in the way of God and do not go beyond the limits’