101: Lec 10
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/24
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai | Chat |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
25 Terms
What tissue/organ is highly dependent on glucose?
Brain
What is the normal blood glucose level?
80mg/dl or 5mM
Where is glycogen stored?
In the cytosol, in most cells
What drives formation/storage of glycogen?
Insulin
Describe the water effects of glycogen
Large glycogen polymers do not attract water as much as glucose which protects the cell’s osmotic pressure
What is the wet mass distribution of glycogen in liver and muscles?
8-10% in liver, 1-2% in muscles
What is the protein in the middle of a glycogen ball?
Glycogenin
Is glucose linkage flexible?
Yes because of the alpha - 1,4 linkages
What is the pathway for glycogen synthesis?
Glycogenesis
What is the pathway for glycogen degradation?
Glycogenolysis
What enzyme adds glucose to glycogenin and is the overall process energy-needing?
Glycogen synthase, and yes ATP/UTP is invested
Describe the linkages of glucose and their numbering
Alpha-1,4 linkages are non-reducing ends and for chain, Alpha-1,6 linkages are reducing ends and for branches
Summarize how branches are created, what length until transfer, and how transfer occurs
What are the 3 enzymes of glycogenolysis?
What does glycogen phosphorylase do and what process does it initiate?
Uses Pi (NOT ATP) to cleave glucose’s off the branches and for G1P. This is the process of phosphorolysis
What is Von Gierke’s Glycogen storage disease?
A type I GSD with a glucose-6-phosphotase mutation
What is important about glucose-6-phosphotase?
It is specific to the liver and releases the enzyme that releases glucose to the rest of the body
What is Mc Ardle’s disease
What is the pathway of making glucose?
Gluconeogenesis
What are the sources of building blocks for Gluconeogenesis?
How many ATPs does Gluconeogenesis use?
11-12
What are the steps of glycolysis that we need to bypass for Gluconeogenesis?
What enzymes are used for bypass 1?
Pyruvate carboxylase and PEPCK
What enzyme is used for bypass 2?
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
What enzyme is used for bypass 3?
Glucose-6-phosphotase