cognitive memory notes

Memory

The persistence of learning overtime by storing it in and retriving it by the brain

Types of memory

Short term, sensory, working, long term

Sensory Memory

Brief shortage of info from your senses

Short term memory

Ability to recall info for 15- 30 seconds

Working term memory

Part short term memory, Hold info temporarily so we can problem solve

Long term memory

info is stored for long period must be retrived

explicit memory

requires conscious recall , thinking

Types of explicit memory’s

Semantic, Episodic and Prospective

Explicit- Semantic

Words or meanings, anything academic

explicit – episodic

Past memory

explicit – perspective memory

remembering to perform an action in the future

ex: driving by library then remembers u need to return book

Implicit Memories

Doesn’t require conscious recall

Types of implicit memory

Procedural, Classical Conditioning and Priming

Procedural memory

rehearsal

leads to muscle memory

ex: practicing volleyball

classical conditioning

conscious responses

ex: phobias, attitudes and prejudices

priming

previous exposure to stimuli’s that automatically triggers a memory

ex: being scared after watching a scary movie

Long-term potentiation process

Learning and then processing serotonin

neural connection

The basis for memory and learning

serotonin

released when you’re learning something

A neurotransmitter that involves moods, learning and memory

Dual Processing

information is processed consciously and unconsciously at the same time

conscious

Awareness of ourselves in environment, paying attention

unconscious

info processing we are unaware/unattended of

( going autopilot )

selective attention

focusing our conscious awareness on a particular thing

ex: tuning something out

Multi store model

Sensory memory, Short term memory and long term

Iconic Memory

Visual memory and Recall a image

Echoic Memory

Recalling last 4-5 words said

Pay attention

In order to move info into short term memory

Encoding

To move to short term to long term

Retrieval

Once info is stored in LTM you have to ______ it

Working Memory model

Concept thinks that working memory is part of short term memory

What are the 2 types of working memory

Visual and Authority

What is phonological Loop

Helps remember audio

Ex: words, songs and sounds

What is Visuospatial Sketchpad

Helps remember visual things

Ex: what things look like and how they’re layed out

The central executive controls what?

Working memory

Episodic buffer

Large chunks of info but forget parts off

Ex: What was the entire play from freshman year

What is the levels of processing

how we encode info

Structural encoding

Remembering visuals

Ex: What does it look like?

Phonetic encoding

Remembering sounds

Ex: Rythomatic Patterns and songs

Semantic encoding

remembering the meaning of things

Shallow processing

Only surface level info

Deep processing

Occurs when we attach meaning to info

Spacing effect

How much we remember depends on how much time spent learning

Serial Position effect

Tendency to recall the first and last items on a list

Primacy effect

Remembering the begging of something more than the rest

Ex: The first vocab word in flashcards versus the middle

Recency effect

Remembering the end of list still fresh in mind

Von restoff effect

Sticks out like sore thumb

what are the types of elaborate rehearsal?

Mnemonic devises, first Word method, method of Loci and chunking

Mnemonic devises

Memory aids that use vivid imagery or organization

first word method

taking the first letter of a word that you want to remember

method of LOCI

Using a mental map to remember things

chunking

organizing items into categories