HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS
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21 Terms
What is the main function of the nervous system?
→ To receive, process, and respond to information from the body and environment.
What are the two major divisions of the nervous system?
→ Central nervous system (CNS) (Made up of the brain and spinal cord)
and peripheral nervous system (PNS) (all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord)
What is a neuron?
→ A specialized cell that transmits nerve impulses.
What is the main function of the muscular system?
→ Produces movement and helps maintain posture.
What is the main function of the skeletal system?
→ Provides support and protection and helps with movement.
What organs filter the blood and produce urine?
→ Kidneys
What is the main function of the excretory/urinary system?
→ Removes metabolic waste and helps regulate water and electrolyte balance.
What is the main function of the immune system?
→ Protects the body against pathogens and disease.
What is the main function of the endocrine system?
→ Uses hormones to regulate body processes
What is the main function of the nervous system?
→ Receives information and coordinates rapid responses.
Where does most nutrient absorption occur?
→ Small intestine
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
→ AlveolI
Arteries vs veins
A: bring blood away from heart
V : bring blood to the heart
What is the main function of the circulatory system?
→ Transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and wastes throughout the body.
What is the function of dendrites? What is the function of the axon?
D : → They receive signals from other cells.
A : → It carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.
Circulatory system?
→ Transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones and wastes.
Respiratory system?
→ Gas exchange — oxygen in, carbon dioxide out.
What is homeostasis?
→ Maintaining a stable internal environment.
What is a synapse?
→ The junction between a neuron and another cell where signals are transmitted.
What are neurotransmitters?
→ Chemical messengers that transmit signals across synapses.