Intro to Computers Final

What of the following is an output device?

printer

Examples of output devices.

Screen, headphones, speakers, printer

What of the following is an input device?

keyboard

Example of input devices.

Keyboard, mouse, microphone

Why is cloud storage often safer than storing files locally?

When you store files locally that is in just one location where when you store to a cloud you can access it on any device, even if your main device crashes.

Which of the follow is not one of the four primary functions of a computer?

communicate

What are the four primary functions of a computer

Input, output, process, store

CPU

Central Processing Unit

CPU - Central Processing Unit

Brain of the computer, small chip that executes instructions, performs calculation, and manages all tasks

Cloud storage can reduce the risk of losing files because data is stored off-site

True

The CPU stores long-term data

False

What is an example of software?

Web browser

RAM is temporary memory used while programs are running

True

CPU

Hardware

Operating Systems

Software

Mouse

Hardware

Spreadsheet Application

Software

What is the difference between hardware and software?

Hardware is the physical components of a computer, software is the programming that runs on it

Motherboard Definition

Main circuit board in a computer, acting as the central hub that connects and allows communication between all key components like the CPU, RAM, and storage

RAM Definition

Random Access Memory, fast, temporary workspace, holding data for programs you’re actively using so the CPU can access it instantly

SSD Definition

Fast, durable computer storage device that uses flash memory

What does RAM do?

Allows your computer to perform its everyday tasks

Which is a sign of a phishing attempt?

Unexpected attachments

Two-factor authentication requires two forms of verification to log in

True

Why is pubic Wi-Fi risky?

Data can be intercepted because networks are often unsecured

Which ribbon tab contains formatting tools like font size and bold?

Home

A page break forces text to begin on a new page

True

What is the purpose of Heading styles?

They structure a document and allow automatic table of contents generation.

What are contextual tabs?

Tabs that appear when you click on an object

What tools are on the home tab?

Clipboard, font, paragraph and styles

Quick access tool bar

Very top of the window has save as, undo, or print

What is the ribbon made up of?

Tabs, Groups, Commands

Why use styles in Word?

Accessibility with screen readers, these are headings, titles, subtitles, etc.

What is the purpose of a tab stop in Word?

To control where the cursor jumps when pressing the Tab key

Name the types of tab stop you can set in Word.

Left, Center, Right, Decimal, or Bar tab stop

Where are page numbers typically inserted in a document?

Header or footer

What is the purpose of a footer in Word?

To place repeating information such as page numbers or document details at the bottom of each page

What is the 5x5 rule?

5 bullet points per slide, 5 words per line

Transitions apply to individual items on a slide.

False

Why is ALT text important on images?

It makes content accessible for screen readers or if the image does not load.

What is the role of slide during presentation?

Act as a visual aid that supports and enhances your spoken message, clarify complex ideas

Slide Master

A template controlling the look of your entire presentation, allowing consistent fonts, colors, backgrounds

Themes in Powerpoint

Pre-designed sets of colors, fonts, and visual effects that create a consistent and professional looks for presentation

Which of the following is a function?

=SUM(A1:A5)

What does absolute referencing use?

Dollar signs ($)

COUNTIF can count cells that meet a condition.

True

Workbook

Entire File

Worksheet

Single Grid Page

Active Cell

Highlighted cell you are working in

Cell Range

Group of Cells (ex. A1:C5)

Explain the difference between a formula and a function.

Function is a built-in, programmed calculation, formula is a user-defined expression

What is absolute reference?

Remains fixed when a formula is copied to other cells, locks column, row or both

Give an example of a conditional formatting rule.

Highlight if total revenue is less than $100

Sorting

rearranges rows based on column values

Filtering

hides rows that don’t meet criteria

VLOOKUP

Allows you to search across columns and add it to other tables

COUNTIF

Counts the number of cells within a specified range that meet a single criteria

SUMIF

Add together if condition is met

Why is data validation important?

When you send your spreadsheet to others you want to keep the data they input consistent so you can use the data.

Write a function for Sum

=SUM(A1:A5)

Write a function for Average

=AVERAGE(A1:A5)

Write a function for Smallest Function

=MIN(A1:A5)

Write a function for Largest Function

=MAX(A1:A5)

A primary key must be:

Unique for each record

A table is made up of records (rows) and fields (columns).

True

Write a SELECT statement that retrieves all columns from a table named cars.

SELECT * FROM cars;

Table

A structured set of data organized in rows (records) and columns (fields).

Record

Rows in the table

Field

Column in the table

Queries

A request for specific information from a database.

Primary Key

A column, or a set of columns, that uniquely identifies each row in a table

Foreign Key

A column (or a set of columns) in one table that refers to the primary key (or a unique key) in another table.

SELECT

Used to retrieve data from one or more tables

WHERE

Used to filter records

What is the purpose of a primary key?

To uniquely identify each record (row) in a database table

What indicates a site is generally more secure?

HTTPS

Your digital footprint includes anything posted about you online, even by others.

True

How can you check if a website is credible?

Look for author credentials, citations, domain reputation, and HTTPS.

Cookies

Small text files that websites send to your browser, which can then store them and send them back to the website to remember your information

Cache

A small, high-speed storage area that temporarily holds frequently used data, acting as a fast-access buffer between the CPU and main memory (RAM) or storage

Online Etiquette

A set of social norms for respectful and appropriate behavior in digital communication

Copyright/Fair Use

A U.S. copyright law principle allowing limited use of copyrighted material (like quotes, clips) without permission for purposes such as criticism, commentary, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, or research, balancing creators' rights with public access

URLs

Universal Resource Locator, the address of a web page

Browsers and Search Engines

A browser is the software application (like Chrome, Safari, Firefox) that lets you access and view websites, while a search engine (like Google, Bing, DuckDuckGo) is a website (accessed through a browser) that helps you find information by indexing the internet and returning relevant results for your keyword searches.

What does “Save As” do?

Creates a new file with a new name/location

Cloud syncing allows files to update across devices automatically.

True

Why is file organization important?

It helps locate files quickly and prevents lost or duplicate files.

File Extensions

.docx, .jpg, .pdf

Which should not be included on a resume?

Full Home Address

You should include your picture on your resume

False

Soft skills include communication and teamwork.

True

Give an example of a measurable achievement you could include on your resume

Grew regional sales by 15%

Why is it important to tailor your resume for each job?

It shows genuine interest and helps you pass through applicant tracking systems (ATS) by including relevant keywords

What is the purpose of a navigation menu?

Help users move between pages

ALT text helps search engines and accessibility tools understand an image.

True

Purpose/Audience for Websites

A website's purpose defines what it does (e.g., sell products, provide info, entertain), while the audience defines who it's for (specific demographics/interests)

Home Page

Its main landing page, the starting point visitors see when they type the site's address (URL), acting as a central hub that introduces the site, showcases key content

Navigation

The system of links, menus, buttons, and other interactive elements that guide users through a website, allowing them to move between pages and find content easily

Header

The top section of a webpage that typically contains key branding elements, navigation links, and sometimes other important information or calls to action

Footer

The section at the bottom of a webpage that provides consistent, secondary information and navigation, including copyright details, and contact info