Studied by 9 peopleAllele
One of 2 or more forms of a gene
Genotype
The genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype
Physical characteristics of an organism, or what an organism looks like
Dominant Trait
If the dominant allele is present in offspring then the dominant trait will show up in the offspring
Recessive Trait
Will only show in the offspring of the dominant allele is not present
Homozygous Dominant
The genotype is 2 dominant alleles (TT)
Homozygous Recessive
The genotype is 2 recessive alleles (tt)
Heterozygous Dominant
The genotype is 1 dominant and 1 recessive allele (Tt)
P generation
Parental Generation
F1 Generation
1st generation of offspring
F2 Generation
2nd generation of offspring
Monohybrid Cross
A diagram showing the allele combinations that might result from a genetic cross between 2 parents, shows only 2 alleles from each parent
Dihybrid Cross
2nd set of 2 different genes, shows 4 alleles from each parent
Example using your family to show the P generation, F1 generation, and F2 generation
P generation - grandparents
F1 generation - parents
F2 generation - you and your siblings
What would the genotype be for a long haired, purebread dog if long hair is recessive?
hh, law of dominance and recessiveness
What is the base-pair rule for DNA?
Adenine will always pair with thymine, Guanine will always pair with cytosine
What does Adenine pair with in RNA?
Uracil
What does Adenine pair with in DNA?
Thymine
What are the possible DNA sequences?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
What are chromosomes made of?
DNA
What are the subunits that make up DNA called?
Repeating subunits of nucleotides
What is the correct sequence for turning genetic information into proteins?
DNA→ RNA→Amino Acid→Protein
What type of bonds hold together the 2 sides of DNA?
A segment of DNA that controls a trait is called a…
Gene
What is genetics the study of?
How genes are passed down from one generation to the next
What are different versions of a gene called (one from the mom, one from the dad)?
Alleles
Phenotype
Physical characteristics
Genotype
Genetic makeup of an organism
