Medical Pathology and Forensic Medicine Practice Exam

Flashcards covering various medical pathology topics including breast pathology, genetics, inflammatory diseases, and forensic medicine based on the provided lecture transcript.

Mycobacterium leprae

A microorganism resistant to eradication and a common cause of chronic inflammation.

Thyroidization of the tubules

The most common histopathological feature of chronic pyelonephritis.

Isolated plasmacytoma

A solitary lesion of plasma cell proliferation in the nasopharynx that may evolve into multiple myeloma.

G1 checkpoint

A cell cycle stage regulated by RB protein which arrests the cell in the G1 phase.

Malassezia furfur

The yeast species that serves as the etiology of Tinea versicolor.

Fibroadenoma

The most common benign breast tumor in young women.

Gynaecomastia

The enlargement of breast tissue that may occur in both males and females at puberty.

Atopic dermatitis

A skin condition associated with tender erythematous skin, pruritic papules, and dry scaling skin.

Breslow thickness

A melanoma staging system that relies on the measurement of tumor thickness in millimeters rather than anatomic level.

Invasive Lobular carcinoma

A type of breast carcinoma characterized by cells arranged in a single-file pattern.

Silicosis

A condition caused by particulate silica, categorized as a chronic inflammation due to an exogenous toxic agent.

Leiomyosarcoma

A malignant soft tissue tumor that accounts for $10\%$ of soft tissue sarcomas.

Burkitt's lymphoma

A B-cell lymphoma consisting of diffused small non-cleaved B-cells often showing a "starry sky" appearance.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

An X-linked recessive disorder associated with the absence of chromosomal locus $Xp21$.

Huntington's disease

A genetic condition characterized as a trinucleotide repeat disorder.

Tonsilloliths

Primary structures composed of calcified debris of desquamated epithelium and bacteria.

Bullous pemphigoid

A blistering skin disease characterized by a linear band of immunofluorescence along the basement membrane.

Molluscum bodies

Histological structures identified in the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum layers of the epidermis.

Pipe-stem liver fibrosis

An anatomical feature associated with chronic or advanced schistosomiasis.

Hirschsprung disease

A congenital condition where a normal appearing aganglionic segment is observed in the colon.

Stellate cells (Ito cells)

Liver cells implicated in the pathogenesis of cirrhosis through the excessive production of collagen type I and III.

Struma ovarii

The most common form of monodermal teratoma of the ovaries, which may cause hyperthyroidism.

Flea bitten kidney

The macroscopic appearance of a kidney in malignant hypertension characterized by pinpoint petechiae.

Charcot-Bouchard aneurysms

Miliary microaneurysms in the brain associated with systemic hypertension.

Condyloma acuminatum

A benign growth associated with HPV types 6 and 11, showing acanthosis, parakeratosis, hyperkeratosis, and koilocytosis.

Atherosclerosis

A vascular condition showing chronic endothelial injury or dysfunction, affecting vessels such as the coronary and cerebral arteries.