Waste Management and Disposal

Compost

Organic matter that has been broken down to simple organic or inorganic matter

Compost

process recycles various organic materials into soil conditioner (fertilizer)

Open air composting

pile of organic matter in a lot

Direct composting

digging a hole/trench in the ground and burying scraps

Tumbler composting

filling the tumbler with organic waste

Worm farm composting (Vermin-composting)

worm produce casting concentrated with nutrients

metal, copper

do not house worms in -- containers as -- leaches out toxic to worms

bokashi

EMO (Effective micro-organism) most common product

Combination composting

combination of open air, direct, worm, EMO

Commercial composting

compost is produced in long soils and turned every 3-4 days

Mechanical composting

electricity is use to supply heat and automatic machineries for rotating the organic waste

Organic residues

manure, animal carcasses, straw, etc.

Thermophilic

high heat 113-160 F

oxygen

introduction to -- stimulates aerobic microorganisms

pathogen

composting animal manures is an effective way to kill --

2-4%

Ideal areas are well drained, have slopes of -- %

30:1

Carbon : nitrogen

windrow

Manual usually is piled into a

10-12 ft wide, 4-6 ft high

pile is commonly -- feet wide and -- feet high

120

after a day or 2, the pile should reach the temperatures in excess of -- F

14:1

Carbon : nitrogen swine carcass

12: 1

Carbon : nitrogen swine manure

Biogas plant

structure used to process animal wastes or manure to produce biogas and sludge consisting of an inlet / mixing tank, digester, gas chamber, and outlet/ sludge tank

Integrated plant

biogas plant where the digester and gas chamber form one unit

Split type plant

digester and gas chamber form separate units

Multi digester plant

plant with series of digesters

Floating type

plant consisting of digester and a moving, floating gasholder that either float directly in the fermenting slurry or in a separate water jacket

Fixed type

closed digester with an immovable, rigid gas chamber and a displacement pit

Location of biogas

- site with good drainage

- near as possible to the animal pen and should be lower than elevation of animal pen canal

- utilization of biogas should be near

- soil foundation should be stable and away from tree roots intrusion

slurry volume

volume occupied by the manure and water at a ratio

manure and water ratio

1:1

Parts of biogas plant (floating type)

1. collecting pit

2. digester

3. gas chamber

4. slurry store

5. gas pipe

6. fill pipe

7. guide frame

Balloon type parts

1. inlet

2. gas pipe

3, gas chamber

4. slurry volume

5. outlet pipe