SCIENCE 10 (GAS LAWS) 2ND QTR

gas properties

- takes shape of container

- takes volume of container

- scattered particles

- very compressible

- low density

- very fast movement

- forces of motion are almost negligible

kinetic molecular theory

serves as the bases to explain the behavior of real gas

5 postulates

1. consists of small particles

2. gas is mostly empty space

3. pressure is exerted when particles hit container

4. collisions are perfectly elastic

5. kinetic energy is proportional to temperature (higher temp, faster)

ideal gas

when real gas are at low pressure and high temperature; properties include doesn't attract / repel each other, doesnt take up volume

pressure

force exerted in the container

volume

space occupied by gas

temperature

determines kinetic energy, warmthness / coldness

quantity

amount of gas / amount of particles

boyle's law

at constant temperature, volume inversely proportional to its pressure (applied in breathing, syringes, scuba diving)

boyle's law formula

P1 V1 = P2 V2

charles' law

at constant pressure, volume directly proportional to its temperature (applied in floating of hot air balloon)

charles' law formula

V1 / T1 = V2 / T2

gay-lussac's law

at constant volume, pressure directly proportional to its temperature (applied in pressure cooker)

combined gas law formula

P1 V1 / T1 = P2 V2 / T2