BIOL 110 - Lab 3: Diversity of Life on Earth I

Archaea are classified as…

A. Eukaryotes

B. Viruses

C. Prokaryotes

D. Fungi

C. Prokaryotes

Which statement best describes why Archaea are unusual compared to other prokaryotes?

A. They share some molecular features with eukaryotes

B. They have nuclei and organelles

C. They are always pathogenic

D. They cannot survive in extreme environments

A. They share some molecular features with eukaryotes

What is the shape of cocci?

A. Rod-shaped

B. Helical

C. Cuboidal

D. Spherical

D. Spherical

What advantage might a spherical shape give to the bacteria cocci?

A. Faster swimming

B. Even distribution of stress

C. Easier attachment with flagella

D. Ability to photosynthesize

B. Even distribution of stress

What is the shape of bacilli?

A. Helical

B. Spherical

C. Rod-shaped

D. Star-shaped

C. Rod-shaped

Bacilli often have more surface area than cocci because of their shape. What might this help with?

A. Spiral movement

B. Resistance to antibiotics

C. Photosynthesis

D. Nutrient absorption

D. Nutrient absorption

What is the shape of spirilla?

A. Helical

B. Rod-shaped

C. Spherical

D. Cuboidal

A. Helical

The spiral shape of the bacteria spirilla helps them…

A. Absorb more nutrients

B. Move through viscous fluids

C. Resist antibiotics

D. Form colonies more easily

B. Move through viscous fluids

What structure do paramecia use for movement?

A. Pseudopodia

B. Flagella

C. Cilia

D. None of the above

C. Cilia

Paramecia belong to which protist group?

A. Amoebas

B. Dinoflagellates

C. Diatoms

D. Ciliates

D. Ciliates

Which pigments are found in peridinium that allow photosynthesis?

A. Chloropylls a and b

B. Chlorophylls a and c

C. Carotenoids onlu

D. None

B. Chlorophylls a and c

What type of nutrition does peridinium use?

A. Photosynthetic autotrophy

B. Heterotrophy (ingesting food particles)

C. Absorbing nutrients from decaying matter

D. Parasitism

A. Photosynthetic autotrophy

Brown algae like sargassum and fucus are…

A. Parasites

B. Prokaryotes

C. Unicellular heterotrophs

D. Multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs

D. Multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs

Brown algae belong to which larger group of protists?

A. Dinoflagellates

B. Amoebas

C. Stramenopiles

D. Ciliates

C. Stramenopiles

Which feature is characteristic of stramenopiles?

A. Fine hairs on their flagella

B. Pseudopodia for movement

C. Cilia for locomotion

D. No flagella at all

A. Fine hairs on their flagella

Diatoms are…

A. Heterotrophs

B. Photosynthetic autotrophs

C. Parasites

D. Decomposers

B. Photosynthetic autotrophs

What material makes up the cell walls of diatoms?

A. Calcium carbonate

B. Chitin

C. Cellulose

D. Silica

D. Silica

Radiolaria are…

A. Parasites

B. Photosynthetic autotrophs

C. Heterotrophs

D. Decomposers

C. Heterotrophs

What material composes the shells of radiolaria?

A. Silica

B. Chitin

C. Cellulose

D. Calcium carbonate

A. Silica

What disease is caused by Trypanosoma?

A. Malaria

B. Sleeping sickness

C. Cholera

D. Amoebic dysentery

B. Sleeping sickness

What unique structure is found in Trypanosoma that supports mitochondrial function?

A. Contractile vacuole

B. Oral groove

C. Silica shell

D. Kinetoplast

D. Kinetoplast

What type of nutrition does Giardia use?

A. Photosynthetic autotrophy

B. Free-living heterotrophy

C. Parasitism

D. Absorbing nutrients from decaying matter

C. Parasitism

What unique characteristic do diplomonads like Giardia have?

A. Two nuclei

B. One nucleus

C. No nucleus

D. Silica shell

A. Two nuclei

What type of nutrition do Amoebozoans use?

A. Photosynthetic autotrophy

B. Absorbing nutrients from decaying matter

C. Parasitism

D. Heterotrophy

D. Heterotrophy

How do Amoebozoans move?

A. By beating cilia

B. By extending pseudopodia that attach and pull the cell

C. By rotating flagella

D. By drifting passively

B. By extending pseudopodia that attach and pull the cell

Rhizopus is commonly known as what type of mold?

A. Water mold

B. Slime mold

C. Bread mold

D. Bluegreen mold

C. Bread mold

What structure makes up the body of Rhizopus?

A. Hyphae (filaments)

B. Flagella

C. Pseudopodia

D. Cilia

A. Hyphae (filaments)

Saccharomyces is commonly used for...

A. Antibiotic production

B. Cheese fermentation

C. Mushroom cultivation

D. Baking and brewing

D. Baking and brewing

Unlike Rhizopus, which reproduces by zygospore formation, Saccharomyces reproduces asexually by budding.

A. True

B. False

A. True

What reproductive structure is characteristic of Basidiomycota?

A. Asci

B. Sporangia

C. Basidia

D. Conidia

C. Basidia

Where are Basidiomycota most encountered?

A. In forests and wooded areas

B. In freshwater ponds

C. In animal intestines

D. On old bread

A. In forests and wooded areas

What domain lives in very hostile habitats?

Archaea

What are peptidoglycan cell walls?

Walls in eubacteria that keep them from bursting as water diffuses in

What is the function of pencillin?

A medicine that stops eubacteria from building walls that prevent cells from bursting - this kills the bacteria

Heterotrophic

Feed on other things (acquire carbon from organic compounds)

May acquire energy with (aerobic) or without (anaerobic) oxygen