GMetrix Databse Glossary

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 1 person
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/94

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

95 Terms

1
New cards

1NF

is a form of normalization in which each field has a single value so that data can be sorted in any way possible

2
New cards

3NF

is a form of normalization in which a value change in a non-key column in one table does not necessitate a change in another non-key column within an entity

3
New cards

Alias

A replacement name for a column or table

4
New cards

ALTER

A SQL keyword used to change the definition of a database object

5
New cards

ALL

A SQL keyword used to display records within a query if all records within that query match related records in a subquery

6
New cards

ANY

A SQL keyword used to find matching records from a query to a subquery

7
New cards

AVG

A SQL keyword used to get the average amounts for one or more fields within a query

8
New cards

Backup

A copy of data stored elsewhere to be restored if original data is lost or damaged

9
New cards

BETWEEN

A SQL keyword used to define a range of values used for a filter within a query

10
New cards

Bit

A data type that is either a zero or a one

11
New cards

Boolean

A data type that allows for values to be either true or false

12
New cards

Byte

A unit of measurement used to determine how much memory a piece of data will take

13
New cards

Cartesian Product

A combining of two unrelated tables within a query

14
New cards

Clustered Index

An index based on the primary key of an entity

15
New cards

Column

A property that defines data in an entity. Also known as a field

16
New cards

Comparison Operator

A symbol used to define a filter within a query, for example, the greater than or equal to symbol (>=)

17
New cards

Composite Key

A primary key consisting of two or more fields. Also known as a compound key

18
New cards

Compound Key

A primary key consisting of two or more fields. Also known as a composite key

19
New cards

Constraint

A limitation on what can be entered in a data field within an entity

20
New cards

COUNT

A SQL keyword used to show the number of records within a query

21
New cards

CREATE

A SQL keyword used to add an object to a database or add an entire database to an instance of SQL Server

22
New cards

Data

Information that is organized, entered into files, and then retrievable as needed

23
New cards

Data Type

A setting that defines what kind of data can be entered in a field, such as a number, date, or text string

24
New cards

Database

A file that stores data and allows people to search and create reports from the data

25
New cards

Datetime

A data type that holds dates and times

26
New cards

DELETE

A SQL keyword used to remove data from an entity

27
New cards

Differential Backup

A backup of data that has changed since the last full backup

28
New cards

DISTINCT

A keyword used to return records without duplicate values among fields specified in a query

29
New cards

DROP

A SQL keyword used to remove a database object

30
New cards

Entity

A database object with organized rows and columns as data. Also known as a table

31
New cards

Entry

Adding a row of data to an entity

32
New cards

ERD

is a visual representation of a database, its entities, and the relationships among those entities

33
New cards

EXEC

A SQL command used to run a stored procedure

34
New cards

Field

A property that defines data in an entity. Also known as a column

35
New cards

Foreign Key

An entity field used to help create a one-to-many relationship between entities

36
New cards

Full Backup

A backup of an entire database

37
New cards

Full Outer Join

A join that shows all records from both tables within a defined join

38
New cards

GROUP BY

A SQL keyword set used to define fields that should be aggregated when aggregates are used within a query

39
New cards

IN

A SQL keyword used to define multiple values used for filtering criteria within a query

40
New cards

Index

A virtual table used to sort information in an entity and make that information easier to retrieve than without the index

41
New cards

Inner Join

A join that shows related records from both tables within the join

42
New cards

Input Parameter

A value a person enters to use as a filter when running a stored procedure

43
New cards

INSERT INTO

A SQL statement that copies records from one entity to another

44
New cards

Integer

A data type consisting of whole numbers

45
New cards

INTERSECT

A keyword used to return matching records between two entities

46
New cards

Join

The combining of two entities within a single query, with data being related on a common field between the two entities

47
New cards

Left Outer Join

A join that shows all records from the first table defined in a join

48
New cards

LIKE

A SQL keyword that allows for the use of wildcards to return approximate matches of criteria within a query

49
New cards

MAX

A SQL keyword used to get the largest value within a range of values

50
New cards

MIN

A SQL keyword used to get the smallest value within a range of values

51
New cards

Nonclustered Index

An index based on an entity field that is not the primary key of an entity

52
New cards

Normalization

The process of ensuring that an entity in a database can work with other entities as needed from an organization and relationship standpoint

53
New cards

NULL

A SQL keyword used to indicate an empty value within a field

54
New cards

Nvarchar

A data type that holds a set number of characters in a field and allows for Unicode characters

55
New cards

Object Explorer

A window in SQL Server that shows databases and their objects within each server instance

56
New cards

One-to-Many Relationship

An entity relationship between a primary key in one entity and a foreign key in another entity

57
New cards

One-to-One Relationship

A relationship between two primary keys in two entities

58
New cards

ORDER BY

A keyword set used to sort data within a dataset

59
New cards

Orphaned Record

A record entered in the many table of a one-to-many relationship that has a value in its foreign key that does not exist in the primary key of the entity used on the other side of the relationship

60
New cards

Outer Join

A join that shows all records from one side of the join and related records from the other side of the join

61
New cards

Output Parameter

A value that is returned from running a stored procedure

62
New cards

Parameter

A value specified, usually by a user, that is used to retrieve data using that value when running a stored procedure

63
New cards

Primary Key

An entity field that ensures that every record in an entity is unique

64
New cards

Principle of Least Privilege

A permissions principle that ensures people with access to a database have the permissions they need to perform their job duties, but those permissions are the only ones they have

65
New cards

Query

A statement used to retrieve desired data from a database

66
New cards

Record

A block of data with values for each field or column. Also known as a row

67
New cards

Referential Integrity

In a one-to-many relationship, assurance that a value is entered in the primary key of the entity being used as the one side of the relationship before that same value is allowed on the many side of the relationship

68
New cards

Relational Database

A database with entities that have data that can be joined with each other through a field common to both entities

69
New cards

Restore

The process of replacing lost or corrupt data with a copy of that data

70
New cards

RETURN

A keyword used to generate and hold a value that is the result of a stored procedure

71
New cards

Right Outer Join

A join that shows all records from the second table defined in a join

72
New cards

Role

A defined set of permissions within a database

73
New cards

Row

A block of data with values for each field or column. Also known as a record

74
New cards

Runtime Error

An error that occurs during the execution of code

75
New cards

SELECT

A SQL keyword used to retrieve data from a database

76
New cards

SELECT INTO

A SQL statement that copies records from one entity into a new entity

77
New cards

Self Join

A join that relates two fields from the same entity to each other

78
New cards

SQL

is a keyword-based language used in writing queries on data within databases

79
New cards

SQL Keyword

A word, part of the language aspect of SQL, used to formulate part of a SQL statement

80
New cards

SQL Server

A server app that stores databases and all related database settings

81
New cards

SQL Statement

A block of code that serves either as a data query or a command to add, update, or remove data or an object from a database

82
New cards

Stored Procedure

A SQL server object that is a saved query for retrieving or changing data

83
New cards

STR

A SQL keyword used to convert a number to a string

84
New cards

SUM

A SQL keyword used to total the values for one or more fields within a query

85
New cards

Syntax Error

An error in coding usually caused by improper punctuation, incorrect spelling of a keyword, or an incorrect ordering of keywords within a code block

86
New cards

Table

A database object with organized rows and columns of data. Also known as an entity

87
New cards

TOP

A SQL keyword used to limit the number of records returned in a query

88
New cards

TRUNCATE TABLE

A SQL keyword set used to empty all the data from an entity

89
New cards

Unicode

A character type that allows for numbers, letters, and symbols, including foreign language symbols

90
New cards

UNION

A keyword used to return two or more entities as a single dataset within a query

91
New cards

UPDATE

A SQL keyword used to change data within an entity

92
New cards

VALUES

A SQL keyword used as part of an INSERT statement that controls what is added to an entity

93
New cards

Varchar

A data type that holds a set number of characters in a field

94
New cards

View

A SQL Server object that is a saved query for retrieving data

95
New cards

WHERE

A SQL keyword used to filter records from recordset during a query