C3 Vocabulary

Ida B. Wells

African American women from Tennessee, launched a fearless crusade against lynching in 1892.

Jim Crow Laws

The statues enforcing segregation.

Segregations

Separation of the roles, was different because laws enforced and perpetuated the discrimination.

Grandfather Clause

Allowed any man to vote if he had an ancestor who appeared on voting rolls.

Monopoly

When a single company achieves control of an entire market. 

Gross National Product

The total value of all goods and services produced by a country.

E.B Du Bois

The leader of a new generation of African American Activists born after the civil war.

People’s Party

AKA populists and nominated candidates to run for congress and the state legislative.

Grange

Trial to create coorperatives-marketing organizations that helped farmers by pooling crops and holding them all off the market in order to force up prices and by negotiating better shipping roles with railroads.

Inflation

A decline in the value of money.

Populism

A movements to increase farmers political power and to work for legislation in their interest. 

Interstate Commerce Act

This act was the first federal law designed to regulate interstate commerce.

Pendleton Act

1883, set up a civil service system with appointments of candidates based on examinations. 

Industrial Unions

United all craft workers and common laborers in a particular industry.

Marxism

Idea that basic force shaping capitalist society was the class struggle between workers and owners.

Horizontal Integration

Combining many firms engaged in the same type of business into one large corporation.

Stalwart

Accused Republican reformers when they labeled the “Hallbreeds” of backing reform simple to create openings for their own supporters.

Vertical Integration

Owns all of the different businesses on which it depends for its operation. 

Andrew Carnegie

A Scottish immigrant who rose from bobbin boy in a textile factory to owner of a steel company in Pittsburgh.

Corporation

An organization owned by many people but treated by law as thought it were a single person. 

Closed shops

Companies could only hire union members.

Pacific Railway Act

Provided for the construction of a transcontinental railroad by two corporations, union Pacific and central pacific.

Alexander Graham Bell

1874 young Scottish American inventor suggested the idea of a telephone to his assistant, Thomas Watson.

Samuel Gompers

AFL’s first leader. His approach to labor relations, which he owned “plain and simple” unionism.

Poll tax

1890 requires that all citizens registering to vote pay a poll tax of $2 a sum beyond the means of the most poor African Americans.

William Jennings Bryan

Democrats nominated him.

Practiced

In many respects, the United States practiced Laissez- Faire economics in the late 1800’s.

Laissez-faire

Believe the government should not interfere in the economy other than to protect private property rights and maintain peace. 

Deflation

An increase in the value of money and a decrease in the general level of prices.

Entrepreneurs

People who risk their capital in organizing and running a business to manufacturing and transportation. 

American Federation of Labor

In 1886 delegates from over 20 of the nations trade unions organized this.