Joint motion

Muscle contraction

Movement caused when muscle contracts around joints which includes an origin (immovable bone) and insertion (moveable bone)

Synovial joint movements

Nonslipping movement, uniaxial movement, biaxial movement, multiaxial movement

Nonslipping movement

Gliding movement where a flat bone surface slips over another

Uniaxial movement

Movement in one plane such as hinge movements (Elbow/knee) and pivot movements (Like the radius rotating against the ulna for forearm pronation/supination)

Biaxial

Movement in two planes allowing flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction (such as the knuckles with the fingers)

Multiaxial movement

Allows for flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction such as the ball-and-socket joints between the scapula/humerus and femur/pelvic socket

Angular movement

Angle between two bones changes (Such as flexion

Extension

Increases angles of joints

Hyperextension

All movement besides flexion/extension, and gliding