bio evolution (full test review)

Structure with similar origin but different function

Homologous

One organism living beneficially inside another

Endosymbiosis

Structure that no longer serves a function

Vestigial

New species are created by selective breeding

Artificial selection

Provides a record of evolution

Fossils

Characteristic developed during an organisms lifetime

Acquired trait

Structure with different origin but similar function

Analogous

Reproductive success

Fitness

Process by which more fit individuals survive

Natural selection

A change in the characteristics of a species over time

Evolution

Inherited characteristic that increased an organisms chance of survival

Adaptation

Showed how the first organic molecules formed

Urey and miller

Believed acquired characteristics could be passed on

Lamarck

Suggested that natural selection was responsible for evolution

Darwin

Evidence of extinct ancestors

Fossils

Had an idea that only famine disease and war could prevent endless growth of human populations

Malthus

All living things derived from common ancestors

Common descent

Increased intermediate phenotypes

Stabilizing

Increases extreme phenotypes

Disruptive

Eliminates one extreme phenotype

Directional

Eliminates intermediate phenotypes

Disruptive

Leads to two distinct populations

Disruptive

Moves bell curve left or right

Directional

Eliminates extreme phenotypes

Stabilizing

May cause speciation

Disruptive

Disrupts genetic equilibrium

Genetic drift, moving into the population, mutation, and random mating

Group of individuals that produce fertile offspring

Random mating

Change in a populations gene pool

Evolution

Produces better adapted offspring

Natural selection

Acts upon phenotypes

Natural selection

Occurs mainly small populations

Genetic drift

Genes move from one population to another

Moving into the population

Cannot occur in case of geographic isolation

Genetic drift, moving into the population, moving out of the population,

Change in hardy weinberg equilibrium

Species

Change in allele frequency

Evolution

Source of genetic variation

Mutation

Not likely in a large population

Genetic drift

Individuals of a species living in one area

Population

Individuals leave a population

Moving out of the population

Change in a gene

Mutation