APWH Unit 3 Overview of Land Based Empires

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the expansion and governance of land-based empires as discussed in the AP World History Unit 3 lecture.

Monarchies

Form of government where a single person, the monarch, rules over the state; power is often hereditary.

Tudors

The royal dynasty that ruled England from the late 15th century to the early 17th century, known for figures like Henry VIII and Elizabeth I.

Divine Right of Kings

The political and religious doctrine that asserts a monarch's legitimacy is conferred directly by God.

Calvinism

A branch of Protestantism based on the teachings of John Calvin, emphasizing predestination and the sovereignty of God.

Anglicanism

A form of Christianity represented by the Church of England, which broke from the Roman Catholic Church under Henry VIII.

Counter Reformation

The period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation, which aimed to reform the church and stop the spread of Protestantism.

Empiricism

The theory that all knowledge is derived from sense-experience, strongly promoted by scientists like Francis Bacon.

Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible)

The first Tsar of Russia, known for expanding Russia's territory, and his violent rule characterized by repression and control.

Peter the Great

A Russian Tsar known for westernizing Russia and centralizing government, moving the capital to St. Petersburg.

Ming Dynasty

Chinese dynasty that ruled from 1368 to 1644, known for restoring Han Chinese rule and expanding into Mongolia.

Ottoman Empire

An empire centered in modern-day Turkey that lasted from the 1300s to 1918, known for its military conquests and cultural achievements.

Suleiman I

The tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to 1566, known for significant territorial expansion.

Mughal Empire

An empire in India from the 1520s to the 1800s, known for its architectural achievements and cultural syncretism.

Shi’a Islam

A branch of Islam which holds that Muhammad's rightful successor was his cousin and son-in-law Ali, differing from Sunni Islam.

Tribute System

A network of trade and foreign relations between China and its tributaries, where subordinate states pay tribute to the Chinese emperor.

Thirty Years' War

A series of conflicts from 1618 to 1648 involving various European powers, primarily fought over religious and territorial disputes.

Peace of Westphalia

The series of treaties in 1648 that ended the Thirty Years' War and laid the foundation for national self-determination and state sovereignty.

Strict and militarized

What best describes the political state of the Qing dynasty?

Gunpowder Empires

What were the Islamic states named during this period?