Bio 111 Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Vocabulary

Flashcards for Bio 111 Chapter 5 & 6 Review

Autotrophs

Organisms that use light energy to produce glucose and oxygen.

Heterotrophs

Organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter.

Photosynthesis

The process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

Pigment Molecule

Molecules that reflect certain colors of light and use light energy to drive photosynthetic reactions.

Chlorophyll a

The primary photosynthetic pigment that absorbs violet-blue and red light.

Carotenoids and Xanthophyll

Accessory pigments that absorb different wavelengths of light and transfer the energy to chlorophyll a.

Light Reactions

Reactions that require light, involve chlorophyll in the thylakoid, and split water molecules.

Carbon Reactions

Reactions that take place in the stroma of the chloroplast and involve the fixation of carbon dioxide to produce glucose.

NADP+

Accepts electrons and hydrogen ions to become NADPH, an intermediate electron carrier.

ATP

The molecule that provides energy for various cellular processes; composed of a phosphate group, ribose, and an adenine base.

Phosphorylation

The release of energy stored in the phosphate bonds of ATP.

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

The process in the mitochondria that uses oxygen to break down glucose, producing carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.

Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP

The process that requires input of energy to form high-energy phosphate bond in ATP.

Mitochondria

Organelle that breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones which releases energy stored in bonds to produce ATP.

Inner membrane is folded to

increase surface area