JPT TOA - 1.3 ISMS

PRE HISTORIC

MONUMENTAL BUT PRIMTIVE

PRE HISTORIC

DAWN OF ARCHITECTURE"

EGYPTIAN

MONUMENTAL AND ENORMOUS

EGYPTIAN

EARLY MASTERS OF ENGINEERING

CLASSICAL

BEAUTY FROM ORDER

BYZANTINE

GRACEFUL, CLASSICALLY INSPIRED

• USE OF BRICKS

• DOMED ROOFS, ELABORATE MOZAICS, CLASSICAL FORMS

BYZANTINE

WHEN ROME BUILDS AN EASTERN EMPIRE

ROMANESQUE

TRANSITIONAL; MEDIEVAL ARCHITECTURE + ROMAN + BYZANTINE

GOTHIC

ARCHITECTURE REACHES NEW HEIGHTS

GOTHIC

• POINTED ARCHES

• RIBBED VAULT ; FLYING BUTTRESSES

RENAISSANCE

• SYMMETRY • PROPORTION

RENAISSANCE

CLASSICAL IDEAS REBORN

BAROQUE

• NEW EXPLORATION OF FORMS

• LIGHT AND SHADOW

• DRAMATIC INTENSITY

BAROQUE

"ARCHITECTURE OF EXUBERANCE"

ROCOCO

Late Baroque

ROCOCO

"ARCHITECTURE IN THE AGE OF MOZART"

NEOCLASSISISM

"NEW APPROACHES TO CLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE"

NEO GOTHIC

"MODERN GOTHIC"

ARTS & CRAFTS MOVEMENT

Manifesto:

William Morris, "The Lesser Arts of Life" (1877)

ART NOUVEAU

"The New Style" in french

Jugendstil

"The New Style" in German

Modernismo

"The New Style" in Spain

ART DECO

"20th Century JAZZY ARCHITECTURE"

ART NOUVEAU

BEFORE WORLD WAR I (1880s)

Style that is Naturalistic but stylized

forms, often combined with more geometric

shapes - particularly arcs, parabolas, and semicircles

The first style to stop looking

backwards in history for ideas, taking

inspiration instead from what is around

us

ART DECO

AFTER WORLD WAR I

The deprivations of the great

war years gave way to a whole

new opulence and extravagance

Streamlined and geometric

Utilized modern materials like chrome, stainless steel and inlaid wood

ART DECO

Style that is graphic or textural

Features bold shapes like

sunbursts, zigzags and

broad curves

ART NOUVEAU

Style that is naturalistic but stylized

forms, often combined

with more geometric

shapes - particularly arcs,

parabolas, and

semicircles

MODERNISM

COMMON NOTIONS OF THIS STYLE:

• soulless container

• absence of relationship with the environment

• Arrogant

• Unarticulated

• Monstrous

• Speculative

• mass-produced

MODERNISM

_____ is marked by the following:

• Renunciation of the old world

• Addressed mass housing

• Explored potentials of materials and new forms

• Technological determinism and structural rationalism

• Aesthetic self-expression

• Belief in the power of form to transform the world

• Sleek machined surfaces

• Mass production and cost reduction

• Skyscrapers and capitalism

• Grand urban projects

Expressionism & Neo - Expressionism

A movement of modernism style, Early-modernist

adoption of novel

materials, formal

innovation, and very

unusual massing,

sometimes inspired

by natural

biomorphic forms,

sometimes by the

new technical

possibilities offered

by the mass

production of brick,

steel and especially

glass.

Structuralism

A movement of modernism style that Built structures corresponding in

form to social structures

Formalism

A movement of modernism style that Focuses on the Geometry of

Architectural Forms

International Style

A movement of modernism style that considers the ff:

the program for building a house should be set out with

the same precision as that for building a machine;

• structural frame should be separately identified from the

space-enclosing walls;

• house should be lifted on pilotises so the garden may

spread under it;

• roofs should be flat, capable of being used as a garden;

• interior accommodation should be freely planned

High-Tech

is a type of Late Modern architectural style that emerged in the 1970s, incorporating elements of high-tech industry and technology into building design.

Brutalism

flourished from the 1950s to the mid-1970s, having descended from the modernist architectural movement of the early 20th century.

The term originates from the French word for "raw", as Le Corbusier described his choice of material béton brut, meaning raw concrete in French.

Minimalism

design elements convey the message of simplicity.

The basic geometric forms, elements without decoration, simple materials and the repetitions of structures represent a sense of order and essential quality.

Organic

a philosophy of architecture which promotes harmony between human habitation and the natural world. This is achieved through design approaches that aim to be sympathetic and well-integrated with a site, so buildings, furnishings, and surroundings become part of a unified, interrelated composition.

POST - MODERNISM

Manifesto:

Robert Venturi,

"Complexity and Contradiction in

Architecture" (1966)

Richness

Of meaning

Deconstructivism

A movement of post-modernism style which appeared in the 1980s, which gives the impression of the fragmentation of the constructed building.

It is characterized by an absence of harmony, continuity, or symmetry.