Masculature of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs OIAs

Trapezius

Trapezius action

Elevates, depresses, rotates, and retracts scapula

Rhomboid major

Origin

Spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae

Insertion

Vertebral border of scapula (below spine)

Action

Rotates and retracts scapula

Rhomboid minor

Origin

Spinous processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae

Insertion

Vertebral border of scapula (at base of spine)

Action

Rotates and retracts scapula

Levator scapulae

Origin

Transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

Insertion

Vertebral border of scapula (above spine)

Action

Elevates scapula

Pectoralis minor

Origin

Anterior surface of upper-middle ribs

Insertion

Coracoid process of scapula

Action

Depresses, protracts, and rotates scapula

Serratus anterior

Origin

Outer surface of ribs 1-9

Insertion

Entire length of vertebral border of scapula

Action

Protracts and rotate scapula

Pectoralis major

Origin

Clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilage of upper ribs

Insertion

Greater tubercle of humerus

Action

Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm (Glenohumeral joint)

Latissimus dorsi

Action

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm (glenohumeral joint)

Deltoid

Origin

Clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula

Insertion

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Action

Abducts, flexes/extends, and medially/laterally rotates arm (glenohumeral joint)

Supraspinatus muscle

Origin

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion

Greater tubercle of humerus

Action

Abducts arm and stabilizes glenohumeral joint (rotator cuff)

Infraspinatus

Origin

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Insertion

Greater tubercle of humerus

Action

Laterally rotates arm and stabilizes glenohumeral joint (rotator cuff)

Subscapularis

Origin

Subscapular fossa of scapula

Insertion

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Action

Medially rotates arm and stabilizes glenohumeral joint (rotator cuff)

Teres minor

Origin

Axillary border of scapula

Insertion

Greater tubercle of humerus

Action

Laterally rotates and adducts arm and stabilizes glenohumeral joint (rotator cuff)

Teres major

Origin

Inferior angle of scapula

Insertion

Intertubercular groove of humerus

Action

Adducts, extends, and medially rotates arm (glenohumeral joint)

Coracobrachialis

Origin

Coracoid process of scapula

Insertion

medial surface of humerus

Action

Flexes and adducts arm (glenohumeral joint)

Red

Biceps brachii (long head)

Red Origin

Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Red Insertion

Tuberosity of radius

Red Action

Flexes arm (glenohumeral joint), flexes forearm (elbow joint), and supinates forearm

Green

Biceps Brachii short head

Green origin

Coracoid process of scapula

Green insertion

Tuberosity of radius

Green action

Flexes arm (glenohumeral joint), flexes forearm (elbow joint)

Brachialis

Origin

Anterior, distal humerus

Insertion

Coronoid process of ulna

Action

Flexes forearm/elbow

Triceps brachii (long head)

Origin

Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion

Olecranon process of ulna

Action

Extends forearm/elbow and extends arm (glenohumeral joint)

Triceps brachii (lateral head)

Origin

Proximal posterior surface of humerus

Insertion

Olecranon process of ulna

Action

Extends forearm/elbow

Triceps brachii (medial head)

Origin

Distal posterior surface of humerus

Insertion

Olecranon proecss of ulna

Action

Extends forearm/elbow

Brachioradialis

Origin

Distal-lateral humerus

Insertion

Styloid process of radius

Action

Flexes forearm/elbow

Pronator teres

Origin

Medial epicondyle (humerus) and coronoid process (ulna)

Insertion

Mid-lateral shaft of radius

Action

Pronates forearm/elbow

Supinator

Origin

Lateral epicodnyle of humerus

Insertion

Anterolateral surface of radius

Action

Supinates forearm/elbow

Muscles in rotator cuff

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor

Muscles in wrist flexors

Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flecor carpi ulnaris

Muscles in wrist extensors

Extensor digitorum and extensor carpi radialis (longus)

Flexor carpi radialis

Action

Flexes and abducts wrist

Palmaris longus

Action

Flexes wrist

Flexor carpi ulnaris