amino acids - bch 339F

Glycine Properties

• not chiral

• very flexible

• kind of polar (quoted from barrick)

what amino acid is this?

Glycine

Alanine properties

• Hydrophobic

• small - just methyl group as side chain

• nonpolar

what amino acid is this?

Alanine

Valine Properties

• hydrophobic

• nonpolar

• alliphatic

• Beta branched carbon - restricts flexibilty

What amino acid is this?

Valine

Leucine properties

• nonpolar

• hydrophobic

• alliphatic

• isomer with another amino acid

• NOT beta branched

What amino acid is this?

Leucine

Isoleucine properties

• nonpolar

• hydrophobic

• beta branched - restricts flexibility

• isomers with another amino acid

• alliphatic

What amino acid is this?

Isoleucine

Methionine Properties

• nonpolar

• S trapped within side chain

• flexible

What amino acid is this?

Methionine

Proline Properties

• nonpolar

• constrained due to looping back of side chain

• found at turns of helices often

• actually considered an “iminoacid”

what amino acid is this?

proline

Phenylalanine properties

• aromatic ring as side chain

• nonpolar

• phenyl ring for side chain

• absorbs light (least out of major 3)

What amino acid is this?

Phenylalanine

Tyrosine properties

• aromatic

• phenol ring for side chain, mostly nonpolar except for OH group at end

• pKr = 10

• absorbs light (in the middle of the 3 that do)

What amino acid is this?

Tyrosine

tryptophan properties

• aromatic

• indole ring (2 ring structure)

• absorbs most UV light

• fluorescent (emits light as well)

what amino acid is this?

tryptophan

serine properties

• Polar

• hydroxyl group

• hydrogen bonding

• small

What amino acid is this?

Serine

Threonine properties

• polar

• beta branched

• hydroxyl group

• hydrogen bonding

What amino acid is this?

Threonine

Cysteine properties

• polar

• sulfhydryl group

• pKr = 8

• good nucleophile

• makes disulfide bonds through redox reactions (redox active) by bonding to itself

What amino acid is this?

Cysteine

Asparagine Properties

• polar

• has amide group instead of hydroxyl group on carboxylic acid

• good at hydrogen bonding

what amino acid is this?

asparagine

Aspartate properties

• polar

• has carboxylic acid group, acidic

  • can have negative charge

• pKr of 3.5

• good at H-bonding

What amino acid is this?

Aspartate/Aspartic Acid

Glutamine Properties

• good at H-bonding

• polar

• amide instead of Hydroxyl group on carboxylic acid

What amino acid is this?

Glutamine

Glutamate properties

• good at H-bonding

• polar

• acidic because it has carboxylic acid group in side chain, has negative charge when deprotonated

• pKr=4

What amino acid is this?

Glutamate/Glutamic Acid

Lysine Properties

• polar and positively charged

• amino group on epsilon carbon

• pKr - 10.5

• Basic

What amino acid is this?

Lysine

Arginine Properties

• Polar and charged

• Guanidinium group

• pKr=12.5

What amino acid is this?

Arginine

Histidine Properties

• pH close to 7

• imidazole ring

• pKr = 6

• good at speeding up reactions as it quickly picks up and loses protons

• H-bonding very well

• polar and charged

What amino acid is this?

Histidine

Glycine 1 and 3 letter code

G and Gly

Alanine 1 and 3 letter code

A and Ala

Valine 1 and 3 letter code

V and Val

Leucine 1 and 3 letter code

L and Leu

Isoleucine 1 and 3 letter code

I and Ile

Methionine 1 and 3 letter code

M and Met

Proline 1 and 3 letter code

P and Pro

Phenylalanine 1 and 3 letter code

F and Phe

Tyrosine 1 and 3 letter code

Y and Tyr

Tryptophan 1 and 3 letter code

W and Trp

Serine 1 and 3 letter code

S and Ser

Threonine 1 and 3 letter code

T and Thr

Cysteine 1 and 3 letter code

C and Cys

Asparagine 1 and 3 letter code

N and Asn

Glutamine 1 and 3 letter code

Q and Gln

Aspartate 1 and 3 letter code

D and Asp

Glutamate 1 and 3 letter code

E and Glu

Lysine 1 and 3 letter code

K and Lys

Arginine 1 and 3 letter code

R and Arg

Histidine 1 and 3 letter code

H and His