Untitled

Charles Darwin

Developed the theory of natural selection and observed species in the Galapagos, including finches and tortoises with different traits on different islands.

Alfred Wallace

Noted distinct patterns of butterflies in Oceania and observed differences between kangaroos and monkeys, influencing Darwin's thinking.

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Proposed the theory of "Use vs Disuse," suggesting that organisms change based on environmental changes.

Evolutionary Fitness

The ability of a species to adapt and reproduce in various environments to survive.

Natural Selection

Process where organisms with favorable adaptations have better survival and reproduction chances, passing on their traits more frequently.

Gene Flow

Transfer of genetic material between populations, impacting allele frequencies and genetic diversity.

Genetic Drift

Random changes in a population leading to advantages for specific individuals over time.

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

Conditions for a population to remain unchanged evolutionarily, including large population size, random mating, no migration, mutations, or natural selection.

Phylogenetic Trees

Diagrams showing evolutionary relationships among species, branching to indicate divergence from a common ancestor.

comparative embryology

all vertebrates looking similar during the early stages of embryonic development

one of of the finches adaptations darwin noticed

beak shapes are different

Thomas Malthus

there would soon be insufficient food for the growing human population

analogous structures

A bats wing consitits of skin stretched between its forelimbs. A bees wing is hyposynthesized to be a modification of an external gill

darwins observation of finches and tortoises

if species living on different islands had once been members of the same species.

darwins concept of evolution wasnt influenced by

structure of DNA

temporal isolation

frogs that live in the same habitat dont mate because they have different mating seasons

reproductive isolation

Reproductive isolation means that members of different species cannot interbreed and produce viable offspring.

habitat isolation

Habitat isolation: When species don't mate because they live in different habitats, preventing them from encountering each other for reproduction.

behavioral isolation

Behavioral isolation occurs when two species do not mate because of differences in behavior, such as courtship rituals or vocalizations.

what led darwin to his theory of evolution

Darwin's theory of evolution was influenced by his observations during his voyage on the HMS Beagle, particularly the diversity of species he encountered on the Galapagos Islands. He also drew inspiration from Thomas Malthus's work on population growth and competition.

what led wallace to his theory of evolution

Wallace's Theory of Evolution: Wallace developed his theory of evolution through natural selection after observing biodiversity during his travels in Southeast Asia.