Visual Impairments and Refractive Errors

Flashcards focused on key terms and concepts pertaining to various visual impairments and refractive errors.

Myopia

A condition where visual images focus in front of the retina, resulting in blurred distance vision.

Simple Myopia

The most common type of myopia where the eyeball is too long for optical power.

Degenerative Myopia

A type of myopia characterized by evident changes in the fundus.

Pseudomyopia

Blurred distance vision caused by an underlying condition such as diabetes.

Induced Myopia

Myopia that results from exposure to certain medications or conditions.

Corneal Molding

A non-surgical technique using contact lenses to reshape the cornea and reduce myopia.

Hyperopia

Farsightedness; a refractive error where images focus behind the retina.

Astigmatism

An error due to unequal corneal curvature, causing distortion in visual images.

Presbyopia

An inability to accommodate, typically occurring around age 40, making near objects difficult to focus.

Aphakia

The absence of the crystalline lens, often due to surgical removal during cataract treatment.

Visual Acuity

The clarity or sharpness of vision.

Streak Retinoscopy

A diagnostic procedure used to determine the degree of refraction error in the eye.

Cycloplegic Procedures

Eye drops used to paralyze eye muscles to facilitate refractive error measurement.

Snellen Chart

A chart used to measure visual acuity.

Concave Lenses

Lenses that are thicker at the edges than in the center, used to correct myopia.

Convex Lenses

Lenses that are thicker in the center than at the edges, used to correct hyperopia.

Toric Contact Lenses

Specially designed contact lenses used to correct astigmatism.

A-scan measurements

Ultrasound measurements used to quantify the degree of axial elongation in myopia.