WEEK 2 Medieval to Renaissance Period

Dark Ages

• Europe is war-torn

• Happens after Greek/Roman Period

• Poverty and ignorance abound

• Few written records and evidences remained

• Global exploration opened up new lands and cultures to European commerce

• Engineering, navigation, metalwork, and metallurgy are still in progress.

Church

Who rose to power during the Dark Ages?

Dark Ages

• Europe is war-torn

• Happens after Greek/Roman Period

• Poverty and ignorance abound

• Few written records and evidences remained

• Global exploration opened up new lands and cultures to European commerce

• Engineering, navigation, metalwork, and metallurgy are still in progress.

Church

Who rose to power during the Dark Ages?

Pax Romanum

It is called the roman peace, how the roman empires time was called

Saxons and Vikings

They were the Barbarians who halted progress in the Dark Ages

Humanism

• Opposite of the belief and middle age

• Man is the center of the universe

• embrace human achievements in education, classical arts, literature, and science

Medici Family

• Forerunners of the Renaissance

• Finance and intellectual and artistic revolution in Italy

Charlemagne

• Reestablished Scholastic Traditions

• Systemized Education

• a brutal man of war, but also a believer of the power of learning

• Use the church to transmit knowledge and education in addition to dogma and doctrine

• Instigated a revival in art, culture, and learning

• Attracted scholars to England and Ireland and established schools making these places center of medieval learning

Middle Age

• Vertical Windmill

• Water or Tidal Mill

• Spectacle

• Mechanical Clock

• Gothic Styles

Vertical Windmill

Used to Grind Corn and Rice and Wind to make Flour

Flour

was used to make bread, biscuits,

Water or Tidal Mill

Used to Grind Corn and Rice and Water Tides to make Flour

Spectacle

used for writing and reading

Mechanical Clock

• Made clocks more accurate

• Found in church towers mechanical with springs and gears

Christian Huygens

Who invented Mechanical Clocks?

Grandfather Clocks

are mass produced clocks and become common in households

Pendulum

make the clock more precise and accurate

Gothic Style

Capilla / Triangular Roof Shaped / Pillar

Classical Style

(Dome Roof / Pillar)

Johannes Gutenberg

Invented the Printing Press (Mass produce of printing material mainly in form of books, pamphlets, and newspapers)

Printing Press

(Causes growth of literacy, education, and for reaching availability of information to ordinary people)

Gutenberg Bible

• The first printed literature by the printing press

• Use 300 separately molded letter blocks

• 42 lines of text with gothic style, 1,300 pages

• 180 copies, 21 Surviving copies

Bubonic Plague

What sickness plagued the Middle Ages?

Renaissance Period

• Rebirth/Revival

• allowed bibles and books to be made in large amount

• rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature, and art

• Greatest thinkers, authors, statesman, scientists, and artists thrive during this era

• Global exploration opened up new lands and cultures to European commerce

Nicolas Copernicus

• Presented the Heliocentric Theory

• Stated that the size and speed of the planets path depended on a distance between the planet and sun

• Symbol of the brave scientist standing alone defending his theory is again the common belief of his time

Heliocentric Theory

Sun, rather than earth as the center of the system

Geocentric Theory

earth is in the middle accompanied by the sun

Commentariolus

Book by Copernicus that meant Small Commentary

De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium

• Book by Copernicus that meant “On The revolutions of the heavenly spheres”

• Stated that Planets don't travel around one fixed point. planets travel on separate paths.

• Earth’s move on its own axis

T

T OR F: De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium stated that the distance of a star is farther from the distance between the earth and the sun.

F

T OR F: De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium stated that Stars do move

Martin Luther and Andreas Osiander

Opposed in the idea of a heliocentric system

Galileo Galilei

• Invented the Telescope

• Was a College Dropout and Side track in physics, mathematics, and astronomy

• Stated that All bodies fall at the same time, regardless of size and mass, due to the acceleration due to gravity which Play the foundation of the laws of motion and law of universal gravitation by Isaac Newton.

• invented compasses, balances, thermometer, and microscope during his house arrest

• a martyr of objectivity, observation, experimentation

Hans Lipershey

Originally designed the telescope before Galileo Galilei

Sidereus Nuncius

The Starry Messenger

- Moons of Jupiter

- Surface of our moon

- Phases of venus

- Stars in the galaxy

- Sunspot

- The moon's rugged surface and sunspot went against

the geocentric idea of heavenly perfection

What did Galileo Galilei discover?