⭐️neonatal and peds spine

neonatal coccyx sono findings

• very low echo

• Shouldn’t be mistaken for cyst or fluid collections

diastematomyelia cord appearance

split into two chords at one or more sites by osseous, cartilaginous, or fibrous septum

common finding of hydromyelia in neonates

slight prominence (Dilation) Of central Canal at caudal end of court

tethered spinal cord:

Where is conus medullaris lying?

Low, beyond L2 level

tethered’s spinal cord

The pathological fixation of spinal cord in abnormal caudal location

where is psoas Well visualize

Adjacent to anteriolateral spine at level of kidneys

what is the normal level of neonatal spinal column?

• Upper lumbar canal

• Above superior end plate of L3

• Most chord endings at mid L2 level

sonographic evaluation of neonatal spinal column, most important finding

The level of the tip of the tapered conus medullaris

common sonographic, finding of neonatal spinal column

Incomplete classification of posterior spinal elements

spinal cord is surrounded by three meninges

• dura mater

• arachnoid mater

• pía mater

pía mater

vascular membrane that closely covers spinal cord

dura mater

• external membrane

• Dense, strong, fibrous sheet that encloses spinal cord and cauda equina

cauda equina

lower nerve roots together

filar cyst

• A normal variant

• Remnants of a terminal ventricle

• Or arachnoid pseudocyst (No clinical significance)

what is filum terminale

An extension of the pia mater that anchor the spinal cord

what structures extend from the Apex of conus medullaris

• filum terminal

• pia mater

what does the spinal cord taper into inferiorly?

Conus medullaris

where do vertebral problems occur in neonates?

the lower back, near area of lumbar vertebrae and sacrum

vertebral column:

how many coccygeal

4

vertebral column:

how many sacral

5

vertebral column:

how many thoracic

12

vertebral column:

how many vertebrae

33

vertebral column:

how many lumbar

5

vertebral column:

how many cervical

7

why would myelomeningocele occur?

if Neural tube fails to fold and fuse at midline