Human Body Systems Flashcards

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering the key components, functions, and organ interactions of human body systems.

Nervous System

The body system that controls all body functions and senses and recognizes information from inside and outside of the body.

Cranial Nerves

Nerves that go from your brain to your eyes, mouth, ears, and other parts of your head.

Central Nerves

Nerves located in your brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nerves

Nerves that go from your spinal cord to your arms, hands, legs, and feet.

Autonomic Nerves

Nerves that go from your spinal cord to your lungs, heart, stomach, intestines, bladder, and sex organs.

Integumentary System

The body system comprising skin, sweat glands, hair, and nails that serves as the 1st line of defense against disease, helps maintain body temperature, and keeps fluids inside.

Skeletal System

The body system composed of bones, cartilage, and connective tissue that supports and protects body parts, helps maintain homeostasis, and makes red blood cells.

Red Bone Marrow

The substance within bones that produces red blood cells.

Muscular System

The system consisting of muscles, tendons, ligaments, and organ muscles that helps you move and moves materials through the body.

Voluntary Movement

Movement that is under your conscious control, such as talking.

Involuntary Movement

Movement that is NOT under your conscious control, such as a heartbeat.

Cardiac Muscle

A type of muscle found in the heart.

Skeletal Muscle

A type of muscle attached to bones that works in pairs (one contracts, the other returns to original length) to move the body.

Smooth Muscle

A type of muscle that lines organs and vessels.

Circulatory System

Also known as the cardiovascular system; functions to carry blood and nutrients to body cells and carry waste such as carbon dioxide away from cells.

Arteries

Blood vessels that help carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.

Veins

Blood vessels that carry un-oxygenated blood toward the heart.

Capillaries

Tiny blood vessels connecting arteries and veins where gas exchange takes place.

Respiratory System

The system comprising lungs, nasal passages, throat, and nose that puts oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide.

Digestive System

The body system including the mouth, stomach, liver, pancreas, intestines, and rectum that takes food and breaks it down into nutrients needed by cells.

Excretory System

The system containing the kidneys and urinary bladder that removes waste and harmful substances from blood and regulates body fluids.

Immune System

The body system consisting of lymph nodes, white blood cells, and skin that fights off disease and maintains a healthy body.

Reproductive System

The body system responsible for producing offspring, in which males make sperm and females make eggs.