ELECRICITY

SCIENCE 8TH GRADE

Proton

A subatomic particle that has a positive charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

Neutron

A subatomic particle that has no charge and that is found in the nucleus of an atom

electron

A subatomic particle that has a negative charge

Direction of the flow of electrons

negative, positive or high to low energy

Battery

A device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy

electric force

The attraction or repulsion between electric charges

electric field

a region around a charged object where the object's electric force is exerted on other charged objects

static electricity

A buildup of charges on an object.

friction

a transfer of electrons from one uncharged object to another by rubbing

conduction

The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching.

induction

transfer of electrons through the electric field, without objects touching

electric discharge

when the buildup of electrons transfer from one object to another

like electric charges

repel each other

unlike electric charges…

attract each other

electric current

The continuous flow of electric charges through a material

conductor

A material that allows heat and electricity to pass through it.

insulator

A material that does not allow heat or electrons to move through it easily.

Voltage

The difference in electrical potential energy between two places in a circuit.

resistance

opposes to the flow of electrons

amp

A unit of electric strength

volt

unit for voltage

ohm

unit of resistance

resistance increase than current

decrease

Voltage increase then current

increases

Direct Current (DC)

Electric current that flows in only one direction

Alternating Current (AC)

electric current that reverses its direction of flow in a regular pattern