Final Exam MUSIC

In the context of post-war Britain, what DIY musical style was an attempt by youth to play American rhythm and blues and rock and roll?

Skiffle

Which artist is credited with the 1955 skiffle version of "Rock Island Line"?

Lonnie Donegan

What was the name of the skiffle band formed in Liverpool in 1957 that eventually became the Beatles?

The Quarrymen

In December 1961, who became the manager of the Beatles and initiated their change of image?

Brian Epstein

Who was the Parlophone producer that signed the Beatles in June 1962?

George Martin

The Beatles' first single, released in September 1962, was titled _____.

"Love Me Do"

The British "Rocker" image of the early 1960s was based on the perception of American _____.

Motorcycle gangs

Approximately how many viewers watched the Beatles on the Ed Sullivan Show on February 9, 1964?

70 million

In April 1964, the Beatles held the top _____ positions on the Billboard Hot 100 pop chart.

Five

What 1965 Beatles song was the first to use a string quartet, marking a shift away from standard pop songwriting?

"Yesterday"

The lyrics for the song "Tomorrow Never Knows" were based on what ancient spiritual text?

The Tibetan Book of the Dead

What studio technology does "Tomorrow Never Knows" use to create an otherworldly sonic landscape?

Tape loops

The 1967 album _____ is often cited as the first "concept album" and marked the shift from Rock 'n' Roll to Rock.

Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band

Which Beatles song uses aleatory techniques with an orchestra and was assembled from sections composed separately?

"A Day In The Life"

A primary influence on the British Blues Revival was the 1958 tour by which American blues artist?

Muddy Waters

Who was the original leader of the Rolling Stones and a dedicated student of American blues?

Brian Jones

In April 1963, who became the manager of the Rolling Stones and encouraged them to project a "bad boy" image?

Andrew Loog Oldham

Which 1965 song was the Rolling Stones' first US number one pop hit?

"(I Can’t Get No) Satisfaction"

Soul music is described as an urban sound that fuses the vocal style of _____ with the rhythm beat of R&B.

Gospel

Besides Gospel and R&B, Soul music draws its arrangements and lyric styles from _____.

Tin Pan Alley (TPA)

Which record label was founded by Berry Gordy in Detroit in 1959?

Motown

Berry Gordy based Motown's "assembly line" production model on his experience in _____.

Automotive plants

What was the name of the Motown "finishing school" instructor who taught artists social grace and etiquette?

Maxine Powell

Who was the primary choreographer for Motown artists?

Cholly Atkins

The house band that played on most Motown recordings was known as _____.

The Funk Brothers

Motown's nickname for its studio at 2648 West Grand Boulevard was _____.

Hitsville, USA

Which Motown group recorded "Stop in the Name of Love" in 1965?

The Supremes

Stax Records was located in which American city?

Memphis

Who were the two white founders of Stax Records?

Jim Stewart and Estelle Axton

The house band for Stax Records was _____.

Booker T. and the M.G.s

Stax Records' nickname, contrasting with Motown, was _____.

Soulsville, USA

Which Stax artist is known for the 1966 unrestrained performance of "Try A Little Tenderness"?

Otis Redding

How did Stax's recording practice differ from Motown's regarding technology?

Stax did not use multitrack recording.

Which 1967 Aretha Franklin song is described as having a more militant sound within the Civil Rights context?

"Respect"

The cultural movement in the mid-to-late '60s where the black community sought a distinct identity from white culture is termed _____.

Reafricanization

James Brown is credited with single-handedly inventing which musical style?

Funk

In James Brown's funk style, which musical element is "deprivileged" in favour of rhythm?

Melody (or Harmony)

What rhythmic concept in James Brown's music emphasizes the first beat of every bar?

"The One"

Unlike the linear forms of Tin Pan Alley, Funk generates interest through repetition, a structure called _____.

Cyclical

Which 1965 James Brown song was his first major crossover hit using a 12-bar blues structure?

"Papa’s Got a Brand New Bag"

What 1967 song by James Brown is cited as the introduction of his new Funk style?

"Cold Sweat"

What event in late 1967 significantly contributed to the pull-apart of the original Stax community?

The death of Otis Redding

How did the 1968 distribution agreement with Atlantic Records affect Stax?

Atlantic gained ownership of all Stax master tapes.

Which songwriting and production team at Stax was the closest equivalent to Motown's specialists?

David Porter and Isaac Hayes

The Beatles' 1965 song "You’ve Got to Hide Your Love Away" shows the influence of which folk artist?

Bob Dylan

What instrument did George Harrison introduce to the Beatles' sound on the song "Norwegian Wood"?

Sitar

The term "Beatlemania" was coined to describe the _____ surrounding the band's success.

Hysteria

According to the textbook, the shift to greater seriousness in rock marked the establishment of the rock musician as a(n) _____.

Recording artist

Which British band was positioned as the "bad boys" and the "anti-Beatles" during the British Invasion?

The Rolling Stones

The Beatles' version of "I Wanna Be Your Man" focuses on vocals, while the Rolling Stones' version prominently features _____.

Slide guitar

What was the name of the Chicago-based label that released the first Beatles album in the US because Capitol Records declined it?

Vee-Jay Records

In James Brown's funk, the rhythmic interlock of various instrumental parts is known as the _____.

Groove

Which Motown group was known for a polished, restrained presentation and used a vibraphone in the song "Stop in the Name of Love"?

The Supremes

Motown's "Quality Control" meetings involved comparing new recordings to _____.

Other hit records

The Stax house band, Booker T. and the M.G.s, was notable for pulling together backing tracks _____.

On the spot (without prepared arrangements)

What 1962 instrumental hit by Booker T. and the M.G.s reached #1 on the Billboard Hot R&B chart?

"Green Onions"

Which soul artist was brought to Stax by Atlantic Records and recorded "Soul Man" in 1967?

Sam and Dave

Why did British youth turn toward Hard Rock and Heavy Metal earlier than Americans, according to the source?

Britain did not experience post-war prosperity and was falling into recession.

John Lennon’s 1966 "more popular than Jesus" remark caused major controversy and bonfires in which country?

The United States

The Beatles' performance on November 1963 for the British elite is known as the _____.

Royal Variety Performance

What was the location of the Beatles' final public concert on August 29, 1966?

Candlestick Park (San Francisco)

The 1966 album _____ is noted for ranging from string octets to Stax-style horns and tape loops.

Revolver

Which songwriting team was responsible for many of the Supremes' hits, including "Stop in the Name of Love"?

Holland/Dozier/Holland

What was the name of the finishing school instructor at Motown?

Maxine Powell

The term "Afro" hairstyle emerged during the 1960s as a result of the black community's search for _____.

Distinguished sense of self (from African sensibilities)

James Brown's showmanship earned him the nickname "The Hardest Working Man in _____."

Show Business

In Funk music, the first beat of each bar is clearly articulated to help establish the _____.

Groove

Which artist recorded "Respect" in 1967, a song that became an anthem for the Civil Rights movement?

Aretha Franklin

How did the songwriting process for Lennon and McCartney change leading up to Sgt. Pepper?

They increasingly began writing separately.

In the early 1960s, what was the primary source of American popular culture influence on British teens?

American armed forces stationed overseas

What was the name of the Liverpool club where the Beatles played regularly in late 1961?

The Cavern Club

Which Rolling Stones song, originally by Bobby Womack, was given a country and western feel by the band?

"It’s All Over Now"

Motown producers often used the same studio musicians to ensure an absolute _____ of product.

Consistency

The "beat boom" in the UK during 1963 was led by groups from which city?

Liverpool

The song "Please Please Me" (1963) by the Beatles is written in which common musical form?

AABA form