TOPIC 13- Fungi

chytrids

basal taxon of fungi; unicellular

nucleariids

sister taxa of fungi; unicellular protists that feed on algae and bacteria

animals plants

fungi are more closely related to ___, than ___ (plants/animals), the evidence includes:

• they both store glucose as glycogen

• they both have chitin in their cell walls

hyphae

filaments that make up the body structure of fungi

septate hyphae

type of hyphae in which the cells are separated by cell walls

coenocytic hyphae

hyphae with a continuous cytoplasm NOT separate; multiple nuclei present

mycelium

mass of hyphae growing together; visible to us

fruiting body

reproductive structure with the purpose of makings and spreading spores

plasmogamy

stage in the sexual reproductive cycle of fungi in which mycelium fuse their cytoplasms together, but not their nuclei

• results in a heterokaryotic organism

dikaryotic cell

cell with 2 haploid unfused nuclei (n+n)

• not considered diploid because the nuclei aren’t fused

karyogamy

stage in the sexual reproduction cycle in which the 2 different nuclei fuse resulting in a zygote (2n)

meiosis

process in the sexual reproductive cycle in which the zygote (2n) divided into sexual spores (n)

zoospore

flagellated sexually produced spore of Phylum Chytridiomycota

conidia

asexual spore of Phylum Ascomycota; mating type (-)

conidiophore

holds on to the conidia (asexual spore) in Phylum Ascomycota

asci

containing structure in Phylum Ascomycota that exists during the plasmogamy phase of sexual reproduction

• contains dikaryotic mycelia (n+n)

• develops into ascus

ascus

structure in which karyogamy occurs in Phylum Ascomycota

ascospore

sexual spore of Phylum Ascomycota

• contained in the ascocarp

ascocarp

sac-like container of Phylum Ascomycota in which ascospores (sexual spore) are contained, and released from

lichen

mycobiont

photobiont