Chapter 24: The West and the World

Commodore Matthew Perry

When ________ arrived in Tokyo in 1853 with his crude but effective gunboat diplomacy, Japan was a complex feudal society.

Political participation

________ in non- Western lands was historically limited to small elites, and ordinary people often did what their rulers told them to do.

Algeria

The French had begun conquering ________ in 1830, and by 1880 substantial numbers of French, Italian, and Spanish colonists had settled among the overwhelming Arab majority there.

European entrepreneurs

The revolution in land and sea transportation encouraged ________ to open up and exploit vast new territories around the world.

telegraph cables

Transoceanic ________, firmly in place by the 1880s, enabled rapid communications among the financial centers of the world.

1880

Prior to about ________, Bismarck, like many other European leaders at the time, had seen little value in colonies.

Rosa Luxemburg

________, a radical member of the German Social Democratic Party, argued that capitalism needed to expand into noncapitalist Asia and Africa to maintain high profits.

British rule

________ in Egypt provided a new model for European expansion in densely populated lands.

China

For centuries ________ had sent more goods and inventions to Europe than it had received, and such was still the case in the early nineteenth century.

Economic motives

________ played an important role in the extension of political empires, especially in the British Empire.

Industrial Revolution

The ________ in Europe marked a momentous turning point in human history.

late nineteenth century

The explosion of mass mobility in the ________, combined with the growing appeal of nationalism and scientific racism, encouraged a variety of attempts to control immigration flows and seal off national borders.

European traders

________ and missionaries first arrived in Japan in the sixteenth century.

Berlin Conference

The ________ coincided with Germanys sudden emergence as an imperial power.

Japan

________ became the first non- Western country to use an ancient love of country to transform itself and thereby meet the many- sided challenge of Western expansion.

Cecil Rhodes

The British, led by ________ (1853- 1902) in the Cape Colony, leapfrogged over the two Afrikaner states- the Orange Free State and the Transvaal- in the early 1890s and established protectorates over Bechuanaland (now Botswana) and Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe and Zambia), named in honor of its founder.

Muhammad Alis modernization program

________ attracted large numbers of Europeans to the banks of the Nile.

India

________ was the jewel of the British Empire, and no colonial area experienced a more profound British impact.

Steam power

________ began to supplant sails on the oceans of the world in the late 1860s.

Commerce

________ between nations has always stimulated economic development.

governor of Egypt

First appointed ________ in 1805 by the Ottoman sultan, Muhammad Ali set out to build his own state on the strength of a large, powerful army organized along European lines.

Berlin Conference

The ________ established the principle that European claims to African territory had to rest on "effective occupation "(a strong presence on the ground) to be recognized by other states.