Digestive_system_II_F2020

What are the two types of food disassembly in the oral cavity?

Mechanical and Chemical (via salivary glands)

What structures form the hard palate?

Palatine, maxillary, and incisive bones.

What is the primary function of the tongue?

Manipulation of food, grooming, deglutition, and vocalization.

Which type of teeth are characterized as low-crowned or brachyodont?

Teeth found in humans, carnivores, pigs, and ruminants' incisors.

What is the role of incisors?

Used for grasping and nibbling.

What type of epithelial tissue lines the oral cavity?

Stratified squamous epithelium.

Which salivary gland is located at the junction of the head and neck, ventral to the ear?

Parotid gland.

What are the two portions of the sublingual salivary gland?

Monostomatic and Polystomatic portions.

What are the three regions of the pharynx?

Oropharynx, Nasopharynx, Laryngopharynx.

What connects the nasal and oral cavities with the trachea and esophagus?

The pharynx.

What type of muscle makes up the esophagus?

Skeletal muscle cranially and smooth muscle caudally.

What are the two types of stomachs?

Simple stomach (single compartment) and complex stomach (four compartments).

What are the four layers of the stomach?

Tunica Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis, and Serosa.

What do chief cells in the stomach secrete?

Gastric enzymes such as pepsin, rennin, and gastric lipase.

What is the primary function of the stomach?

To produce gastric juice and mechanically mix and breakdown food.

What is the role of parietal cells in the stomach?

To secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl).

What type of epithelium is the stomach lined with?

Glandular and non-glandular epithelium.

What type of teeth are characterized as high-crowned or hypsoodont?

Ever-growing teeth found in permanent horses, ruminants' cheek teeth, and pigs' tusks.

What is the function of salivary glands?

To produce enzymes and other products for digestion, moistening, and lubrication.

What is the structural composition of lips and cheeks?

Stratified squamous epithelium with a lip core of fibroelastic tissue and skeletal muscles.

What role does the tongue play in temperature control in dogs?

The tongue aids in temperature control.

What is the primary transit route for swallowed food?

Through the oropharynx to the esophagus.