Scripting and Programming Foundations – D278 (Western Governors University, 2025 Edition) | Full Course Study Guide with Learning Objectives, Code Examples, Practice Exercises, and Step-by-Step Explanations to Support Success

What does a programmer do first to use an existing programming library?

Include the library

What relationship is common among a programming library's functions?

Functions all relate to the same purpose.

What is an advantage of using a programming library?

The code has already been tested.

Which language is dynamically typed?

Python

Which language is not built on object-oriented design principles?

C

A language substantially supports a programmer creating items like person, teacher, and students. Each item has internal data and some operations.

Which characteristic describes that language?

Object-oriented

A programmer wants a compiler to report an error if an integer variable is assigned with a string.

Which kind of language should the programmer use?

Statically typed

A language uses tags around text to indicate how that text should be formatted.

Which characteristic describes a language having such tags?

Markup

What is a characteristic of a compiled language?

Converts to machine language before running

What is a characteristic of an interpreted language?

Runs easily on different kinds of machines

What is an advantage of interpreted programs?

They can be modified at run time.

Which characteristic specifically describes a markup language?

Tags surround text to describe desired formatting.

Which characteristic specifically describes interpreted languages?

They can be run one statement at a time.

A car drove 200 miles using 10 gallons of fuel.

Which operation should be used to compute the miles per gallon, which is 20?

Division

Which operator should be used to determine if a number is evenly divisible by 5?

%

A variable should hold a person's height in meters.

Which data type should the variable be?

Float

A variable should hold the names of all past U.S. presidents.

Which data type should the variable be?

String array

A program uses the number of seconds in a minute in various calculations.

How should the item that holds the number of seconds in a minute be declared?

Constant integer secondsPerMinute

A program determines if a user's age is high enough to run for U.S. president. The minimum age requirement is 35.

How should the item that holds the minimum age be declared?

Constant integer minAge

Given integer x = 3 and integer y = 5.

What is the value of the expression (x / 2.0) + y?

6.5

Given float x = 10.2 and float y = 1.0.

What is the value of the expression x / y?

10.2

What kind of operator is the == in the expression i == 20?

Equality

What is the purpose of parentheses () in a programming expression?

To group expressions

Given float x = 3.0.

Which expression evaluates to 2.0?

x / 2 + 0.5 /2 + .25

Which expression represents all the values of x, when x is the age ranging from 18 to 24 years old?

(x >= 18) and (x <= 24)

Which data type is used for items that are measured in length?

Float

Which data type should be used to keep track of how many planes are in a hangar?

Integer

A function should convert hours and minutes to seconds, such as converting 1 hour and 10 minutes to 4,200 seconds.

What should be the input to the function?

Hours and minutes

A function returns a number x cubed. For example, if x is 3, the function returns 3 3 3, or 27.

What should be the input to the function?

x

A function calculates the weight difference (Diff) given two sample weights (S1 and S2).

What should be the output from the function?

Diff

function P(integer x) returns integer yy = 2 * x

What does P(5) evaluate to?

10

Function F()Put "Hey" to outputWhat entire output appears after three successive calls to F()?

HeyHeyHey

What is a valid user-defined function name?

Any valid identifier

A function MyFct has an input x and an output z.

What does MyFct return?

z only

What is the return value of a function?

Output of a function

A program should continue accepting input numbers, adding each to a sum, until a 0 is input.

Which control structure should be used?

While loop

Joe is building an online game. He wants to provide a riddle and have the player guess the answer. The game needs to prompt the user to enter the answer, check to see if it the input provided does not match the correct answer, and continue prompting the user until the answer entered matches the correct answer.

Which control structure supports Joe's needs?

Do-while loop

What is put to output by the following pseudocode?

x = 3

do

Put x to output

Put " " to output

x = x - 1

while x > 0

3 2 1